اثربخشی رواندرمانی معنوی - مذهبی بر افزایش کیفیت زندگی، اضطراب و افسردگی سالمندان
پژوهش در دین و سلامت ,
دوره 4 شماره 2 (2018),
28 اسفند 2018
,
صفحه 29-41
https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v4i2.15595
چکیده
سابقه و هدف: دورهی سالمندی با چالشها و تنشهای متنوع و متعددی همراه است که میتواند کیفیت زندگی مرتبط با سلامت سالمندان را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثربخشی رواندرمانی معنوی - مذهبی بر افزایش کیفیت زندگی، کاهش اضطراب و افسردگی سالمندان است.
روش کار: پژوهش حاضر ازنوع کارآزمایی بالینی با گروه دریافتکنندهی مداخلهی مبتنی بر رواندرمانی معنوی - مذهبی (آزمایش) و گروه بدون درمان (کنترل) است. در این پژوهش از طرح شبهآزمایشی پیشآزمون - پسآزمون با گمارش تصادفی استفاده شده است. بدین صورت که 40 سالمند (29 مرد و 11 زن) بهصورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند و در گروههای آزمایش (20 نفر) و کنترل (20 نفر) قرار گرفتند. شرکتکنندگان در گروه آزمایش 12 جلسه (هر جلسه 90 دقیقه) رواندرمانی معنوی و مذهبی دریافت کردند. ابزار گردآوری دادهها در این پژوهش عبارت است از: پرسشنامههای کیفیت زندگی و اضطراب و نیز پرسشنامهی افسردگی بک. دادههای بهدستآمده با استفاده از روشهای آمار توصیفی و استنباطی (تحلیل کوواریانس) تحلیل شد. در این پژوهش همهی موارد اخلاقی رعایت شده است. علاوهبراین، نویسندگان مقاله هیچگونه تضاد منافعی گزارش نکردهاند.
یافتهها: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که رواندرمانی معنوی - مذهبی بر افزایش کیفیت زندگی و کاهش اضطراب و افسردگی سالمندان تأثیر معناداری داشت. میزان تأثیر گروه آزمایش (معنادار بودن عملی) بر متغیّر کیفیت زندگی در مؤلفههای فیزیکی و روانی بهترتیب 25/0 و 81/0 بود. همچنین 60 درصد تغییرات در متغیّر افسردگی و 54 درصد در نمرههای اضطراب مربوط به مداخلهی معنوی - مذهبی بود.
نتیجهگیری: سالمندان با بحرانهای روحی و جسمی بسیاری روبهرو هستند که به کاهش کیفیت زندگی و افزایش علائم روانشناختی در آنان منجر میشود. در این مرحله از زندگی راهبردهای معنوی و مذهبی میتواند موجب افزایش بهداشت روان آنان شود.
استناد مقاله به این صورت است:
AskariM, MohammadiH, RadmehrH, JahangirAH. The effect of spiritual–religious psychotherapy on enhancing quality of life and reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression among the elderly. J Res Relig Health. 2018; 4(2): 29- 41.
- اضطراب، افسردگی، رواندرمانی، سالمندان، کیفیت زندگی
ارجاع به مقاله
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