The Effect of a Cognitive-social Theory-based Empowerment Program on Spiritual Care and Self-efficacy of Caregivers of Patients with Heart Failure
Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va Salāmat (i.e., Research on Religion & Health),
Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025),
11 November 2025
,
Page 61-71
https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v11i3.46644
Abstract
Background and Objective: Since family caregivers of chronic patients, known as hidden patients, endure many challenges, empowering caregivers in the care process leads to better care provision for patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a cognitive-social theory-based empowerment program on spiritual care and self-efficacy of caregivers of patients with heart failure.
Methods: This study was a semi-experimental design. The statistical population included caregivers of patients with heart failure. The intervention consisted of five 90-minute sessions held once a week with specific topics. Both the intervention and control groups completed spiritual care and self-efficacy questionnaires before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 18. In the present study, all ethical considerations were observed, and the authors reported no conflicts of interest.
Results: The results showed no significant difference in the mean scores related to spiritual care and self-efficacy between the two groups before the intervention. This difference was significant in post-test and three-month follow-up assessments (P<0.05). Repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant difference in the trend of mean scores across the three stages of measurement (before intervention, immediately after intervention, and one month after intervention) (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the findings, the cognitive-social theory-based empowerment program training increases spiritual care and self-efficacy of caregivers of patients with heart failure.
- Cognitive-Social Theory
- Empowerment
- Heart failure
- Self-efficacy
- Spiritual care
How to Cite
References
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