The Scope of Reason's Authority in Legal Reasoning Regarding Health Issues
Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va Salāmat (i.e., Research on Religion & Health),
Vol. 10 No. 3 (1403),
11 November 2025
,
Page 124-138
https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v10i3.42073
Abstract
Background and Objective: In the field of medical jurisprudence, new issues arise that can only be addressed through the valid approach of rational deduction. However, this type of deduction faces significant challenges and has critics from non-Shia schools of thought who often struggle with a correct understanding of the scope of its authority. This research aims to investigate the concept and true place of reason in medical jurisprudence, analyze the scope of its authority, and prevent its uncontrolled use.
Methods: This study is a library-based study with a descriptive-analytical approach. It utilizes the principles of Islamic jurisprudence, legal rules, and the scope of the authority of rational deduction as a source of reasoning, alongside a systematic understanding of Islamic law, to demonstrate the ability of jurisprudence to address contemporary issues in the field of medical science. In addition to library research, the study utilizes the Noor software.
Results: Reason has two main applications in the ijtihad (independent reasoning) on emerging issues in the field of health:
- Independent: Reason functions as an independent source. In this application, reason operates in two independent fields: rational essentials or premises (mustaqillat al-aqliyyah) and non-essential rationalities or premises (ghayr-mustaqillat al-aqliyyah). In this application, the law of concurrence between reason and Islamic law is a fixed and accepted rule in jurisprudence, and both reason and revelation testify to its validity.
- Non-Independent: The scope of reason's function is defined in three areas: instrumental use, proof in legal rules and principles, and practical principles.
Conclusion: The ruling of reason in rational essentials is absolute and certain, but in non-essential rationalities, it must be examined in each case whether a ruling of reason exists or not. Instrumental use, proof of apparent rulings, proof of general Islamic rulings and legal principles are three aspects of the lack of independence of reason in the deduction of issues in health jurisprudence.
- Absolute Reason
- Capacity of Jurisprudence
- Emerging Medical Issues
- Jurisprudential Reasoning
- Medical Jurisprudence
- Scope of Reason's Authority
- Speculative Reason
How to Cite
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