A Narrative Review of the Development of the Science of Medicine in the Flourishing Period of the Islamic Civilization
Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va Salāmat (i.e., Research on Religion & Health),
Vol. 10 No. 3 (1403),
11 November 2025
,
Page 139-149
https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v10i3.42534
Abstract
Background and Objective: One of the most important factors in building civilizations is paying attention to "science". One of these sciences, which received the attention of Muslims from the beginning and reached the peak of growth and prosperity and played a significant role in the development of Islamic civilization, is the science of medicine and its various branches.
Methods: The present article is a library-based research organized using a descriptive-analytical method and has extracted and analyzed the keywords of Islamic civilization, scientific progress and achievements of Muslims in the science of medicine from historical sources.
Results: The examination of historical sources indicated the flourishing of medical sciences in the field of the Islamic civilization: the emergence of knowledgeable doctors and the writers of great books including Ali Ibn Raban Tabari, the author of "Firdous Al-Hikma", Razi "Al-Hawi and Al-Mansoori Medicine", Ibn Sina "Al-Qanun fi Tabri" (The Laws of Medicine) , Ali bin Abbas Ahwazi the author of "Kamal al-Sanaa al-Tabiyyah", Abul Qasim Zahrawi the author of "Al-Tsarif Leman Ujaz An-Al-Talif" and valuable initiatives and achievements in various fields including the diagnosis of diseases and their treatment such as the identification and treatment of smallpox and measles by Razi and Avicenna’s description of the details of different organs of the body, including the heart, compilation of the most comprehensive book on pharmacology and introduction and description of about 1400 drugs by Ibn Bitar, creation of well-equipped hospitals and provision of their supplies, all prove this claim.
Conclusion: During the flourishing era of the Islamic civilization, Muslims achieved tremendous achievements in medical sciences and became the authority in medical knowledge in Europe and the world, according to Western scientists. Today, it is up to the new generation of the Islamic civilization to reach the pinnacle of progress in science and technology, including scientific authority in medicine, relying on this past full of pride, effort and self-confidence.
- Islamic civilization
- Medical achievements
- Scientific developments
- Works of Muslim doctors
How to Cite
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