نقش دعا از منظر آیات و روایات در ارتقای سلامت جسمی و روانشناختی؛ با تأکید بر بحران شیوع کووید 19
پژوهش در دین و سلامت ,
دوره 8 شماره SI (2022),
23 مهر 2022
,
صفحه 129-147
https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v8iSI.34054
چکیده
سابقه و هدف: شيوع ويروس کوويد 19 بحراني فراگير در جهان است که نظام درماني کشورها را بهشدت به خود مشغول ساخته است. اثرات روانشناختي همهگیری کرونا اگر بيش از اثرات جسماني آن نباشد، کمتر نيست. دعا يکي از اعمال مذهبي است که اثرات مثبت آن از طريق مسيرهاي زيستي، روانشناختي و معنوي تأييد شده است. هدف اين مطالعه ارائۀ تعريفي از دعا، معرفي انواع و الگوهاي دعا و تبيين اثرات آن با تأکيد بر شرايط بحران کرونا بود.
روش کار: اين مطالعه از نوع تحليل محتوا است که برای انجام آن ريشۀ «دعو» در آيات قرآن و روايات اهل بيت (ع) از طريق نرمافزار و همچنین 182 آيۀ داراي ريشۀ دعو بررسي و مؤلفههاي تعريفي دعا از آنها استخراج شد. ادعیۀ صحیفۀ علویه، صحیفۀ سجادیه، صحیفۀ فاطمیه و ادعیۀ کتاب مفاتیحالجنان نیز با هدف بررسی انواع دعا و تأثیرات آنها بررسی شد. مؤلفان مقاله تضاد منافعی گزارش نکردهاند.
یافتهها: بر اساس آيات و روايات منتخب، تعريف دعا، دستهبندي انواع دعا، نقش و آثار دعا در سلامت جسمي و رواني و همچنين نقش دعا در بحرانها و مصيبتهاي زندگي مانند شيوع بيماريها استخراج شد. نتایج نشان داد دعا یکی از راهبردهای مهم و مؤثر در مواجهه با بحرانهای مختلف زندگی است و دارای انواعی شامل دعاي مناجاتي، دعاي سؤالي، دعاي تعليمي، دعاي استعاذهاي و دعاي ذکري است. دعا در شرایط، موقعیت و مکانهای خاصی توصیه شده است و همچنین در زمانهای خاصی دعاکردن تأثیر بیشتری دارد و به اجابت نزدیکتر است. علاوهبراین، وضعیت ایمانی و روحی دعاکننده نیز در استجابت آن مؤثر است.
نتیجهگیری: یافتهها نشان داد که دعا يکي از انواع راهبردهاي مقابلۀ مؤثر با بحران و شرايط تهديد زندگي است که در طراحي مداخلات سلامت بايد از همۀ ظرفيتهاي آن در طراحی برنامهها استفاده نمود. سياستگذاريهاي دولتها بهویژه در کشورهاي مسلمان بايد بر اين باشد که از راهبردهاي مکمل نظير دعا جهت پيشگيري، کنترل و درمان بيماري استفاده کنند.
- دعا؛ طب مکمل؛ کوويد 19؛ مذهب
ارجاع به مقاله
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