Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat (Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention)

Background and Objectives: Low back pain is one of the most common causes of disability in adults. There are many non-invasive interventions to improve low back pain; exercise therapy is one of the main approaches. But there is conflicting evidence regarding the effectiveness of different types of training methods. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of suspension training on pain, core muscle endurance, and quality of life in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain.

Materials and Methods: 30 women were selected to participate in this study 15 in the intervention group and 15 in the control group. The VAS index measured the degree of pain and the core muscle endurance was investigated by the McGill test and quality of life was measured with the SF-36 questionnaire in pretest and post-test.  The experimental group then performed suspension exercises for 24 sections. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used between group differences and paired T-test was used for inter groups differences.

Result: The results of the T-test showed that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test only in the suspensions training group in all of the variables. Also, the ANCOVA’s results showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the post-test.

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that suspension exercises significantly improve pain and core muscle endurance and quality of life in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain.

How to cite this article: Piralaee L, Barati AH, Hasanzadeh-Ghafouri M. The Effect of Eight Weeks of TRX Training on the Pain, Quality of Life and Core Muscle Endurance and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(1):1-11.

Background and Objectives: Safety performance is among the most critical challenges of organizations, especially those with hard and hazardous jobs. The current research aims to investigate the effects of cultural and organizational factors on the safety behaviors of electricians of Electricity Distribution Company in Guilan province.

Materials and Methods: Considering the research method, this research is a descriptive- correlational one, and regarding the objective, it is an applied study. The statistical population of the research includes electricians of an electricity distribution companies in Guilan province 212 out of them were selected using the random sampling method as the sample elements. The data gathering tool is a questionnaire that after confirmation of its validity and reliability was distributed among respondents. Next, the collected data were used to test the hypotheses using structural equation modeling and applying AMOS 8.54 software. The applied test for dealing with regression relationships is the T-test.

Results: The results of data analysis show that all of the direct relationships in the research model are meaningful. In addition, management commitment has the highest effect on personnel safety behavior by the mediating role of safety supervision. The blame culture has the highest effect on personnel safety behavior by the mediating role of safety reporting. In addition, coordinated relationships have the highest effect on personnel safety behavior by the mediating role of team collaboration. Rcoefficient of the model also shows that the model’s variables could explain 43% of personnel’s safety behavior.

Conclusions: Coordinated relationships have the highest indirect effect on electricians’ safety behavior by the mediating role of team collaboration, so empowering team collaboration more than other variables will lead to an increase in safety behaviors.

How to cite this article: Fadaei A, Homayounfar M, Ajalli M, Saberifard N. Explaining the Role of Cultural and Organizational Factors in the Safety Behavior of Electricians of Guilan Electricity Distribution Company. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(1):12-22.

Background and Objectives: Lack of proper recovery after exercise causes damage and destruction to muscle tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cold water immersion recovery on some muscular damage indices during several consecutive simulated Taekwondo competitions.

Methods and Materials: Twenty-one taekwondo practitioners in Qazvin in the age group of 17-19 years with a training experience of 6-8 years were randomly selected.  The participants were placed in their weight classification in the style of the Olympics and performed in a simulated competition. Blood samples were taken to assess liver enzymes and creatine kinase at baseline recovery periods, before the second, third, and fourth races, immersion after the second, third, and fourth races, and 12 hours after the final race, blood sampling for evaluation of liver enzymes and creatine kinase in two groups of cold water immersion (n = 10) and control (n = 11) was performed. Immersion was performed as local immersion of feet in cold water at 11 ° C for 11 min. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used at a significance level of 0.05.

Results: The simulated taekwondo competition resulted in a significant increase in the rate of muscle damage indices in the cold water immersion group compared to the control group (p<0.01). In all stages of the study, the mean indices of Creatine Kinase (CK; P=0.001), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH; P=0.001), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST; P=0.001), and Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid (ALT; P=0.001) of immersion group in cold water it was significantly lower than the control group.

Conclusion: Immersion in cold water is more effective than inactive recovery after several consecutive Taekwondo competitions.

How to cite this article: Heidarinia M, Goodarzi B, Mirmoezzi M. Cold Water Immersion Recovery on Some Muscular Damage Indices of Taekwondo Practitioners. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(1):23-32.

Background and Objectives: Urinary incontinence is one of the most common problems in aging that negatively affects the quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the effect of “Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization” (DNS) exercises on urine control and quality of life in elderly women with urinary incontinence.

Methods and Materials: This study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with the control group. The 24 females, 60 years and over with urinary incontinence, were selected as statistical samples based on inclusion criteria and randomly divided into treatment groups (N= 12) and control groups (N= 12). Before and after 6 weeks of training which were performed for 45 minutes and 6 sessions per week, the quality of life of the subjects was assessed by the Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire (I-QOL) and the severity of urinary incontinence was assessed by International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) using repeated measures analysis of variance.

Results: The results showed that urinary incontinence and quality of life in the treatment group significantly improved compared to the pre-test (P <0.05). Also, there was a significant difference in all variables between the treatment and control groups in the post-test (P <0.05).

Conclusion: According to the results, by doing DNS exercises for 6 weeks, urinary incontinence and subsequently the quality of life of elderly women with urinary incontinence will improve. Therefore, these exercises are recommended to elderly women as a safe and secure intervention.

How to cite this article: Farzinfar M, Mohammad-Rahimi N. The Effect of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Exercises on Urine Control and Quality of Life in Elderly Women. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(1):33-42.

Background and Objectives: Changes in the optimal alignments of the lumbar spine can affect function, and correcting these adverse changes may improve function. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of corrective exercises on the Tarara functional test scores in non-athlete men with lumbar hyperlordosis.

Materials and Methods: In the present study, 26 men aged 18 to 25 years in Tehran city with lumbar hyperlordosis (greater than or equal to 51 degrees) were purposefully selected as study samples. Then the samples were randomly divided into two groups (experimental: 13 N, control: 13 N). The lumbar lordosis angle was assessed using a flexible ruler and movement function through Tarara functional tests scores were evaluated in two stages, pre-test, and post-test. The paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon test were used to examine the within-group changes and the independent sample t-test and Mann Whitney - u test was used to compare the between-group differences.

Results: The results of this study showed that the corrective exercises group had significantly better performance in full Scott, one-legged Scott, downward dog, jump, Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST), lower limb Y balance test, Triple hop for distance, Lumbar Endurance, side plank abduction, Side Plank Adduction, Nordic hamstring, Lateral Lunge for Distance, In-Line Lunge for Distance and Straight Leg Raise (P <0.05).

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we conclude that corrective exercises are useful in improving movement function in people with lumbar hyperlordosis.

How to cite this article: Elahi AR, Seidi F, Karimi-Zadeh Ardakani M. Effect of 8 Weeks of Corrective Exercises on the Lumbar Lordosis Angle and Lower Limb Function in Non-Athlete Men with Lumbar Hyperlordosis. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(1):55-66.

Background and Objectives: One of the goals of jump landing exercises is to “improve performance” also; knee valgus defect can affect the performance of functional activities and alter the function of lower extremities muscles. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of progressive jump landing exercises with an injury prevention approach on the performance of male basketball players with valgus defects.

Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental and interventional type (jump-landing exercises) with a pre-test and post-test design. The population of the present study consisted of all male basketball players with dynamic valgus deformity of the knee in Mazandaran province in the age range of 16 to 20 years and 24 basketball players were purposefully selected and divided into experimental and control groups. After obtaining written consent and identifying individuals with dynamic knee valgus by the squat test, the Y test, modified T-test, and the Sargent test were used to assess the balance, agility, and lower extremity explosive power, respectively. For analyzing data, the covariance test was used with the pre-test factor as a covariate.

Results: The results of the present study showed that jump landing exercises have a significant effect on improving dynamic balance (p = 0.001), agility (p = 0.001), and lower limb explosive power (p = 0.001) in the experimental group.

Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, performing 6 weeks of jump landing exercises has led to improved dynamic balance, agility, and explosive power of the lower limbs. Therefore, progressive jump landing exercises can be recommended to improve performance in basketball players with dynamic knee valgus.

How to cite this article: Ghobadi-Nezhad S, Hosseini SH, Norasteh AA. The Effect of Progressive Jump Landing Exercises with Injury Prevention Approach on the Performance of Male Basketball Players with Knee Valgus Defect. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(1):67-79.

Background and Objectives: The occurrence of natural disasters can be considered one of the most important concerns of human life, especially for the people of developing countries.  The existence of natural disasters in Iran has made Iran one of the top 10 countries in the world in terms of disasters.  Analysis of seismic data shows that almost every 5 years, on average, an earthquake with a magnitude of 7 (such as the Saravan and Sarpol-e-Zahab -Kermanshah earthquakes) occurs in Iran and has serious effects on human society. In this study, the parameters of strong ground motion in the Sarpol-e-Zahab area have been analyzed with a special focus on its crisis.

Material and methods: To evaluate the earthquake's return period in this fault system, two preliminary relationships of Gutenberg-Richter and the final distribution of the Kijku-Sellovel method have been used. In order to study seismicity and seismic hazard analysis, after checking the geology of the study area, the tectonics and seismicity of the region were studied. After that, a tectonic seismic model was prepared from this zone to determine the nature of seismicity better. Then, the seismic source database of the study area was defined and entered into EZ-frisk software for further analysis.

Results: The magnitude of the earthquakes based on the Gutenberg-Richter and Kijku-Sellovel methods has shown that the magnitude of the earthquake in the 475-year return period is 6.9Ms and 7.0Ms, subsequently. A magnitude of more than 7.8 is not expected in this region based on the Gutenberg-Richter method. On the other hand, the values of acceleration on the side where the fault slope is (northeast of the fault), have higher values than on the opposite side. In addition, the maximum acceleration of the earthquake in the position of the mountain frontal fault is estimated at 0.75 gals.

Conclusion: Therefore, considering the importance of the study area (geologically), the existence of active and important faults in this region, as well as political-security threats, the existence of spatial exchanges and links on both sides of the border, and the underdevelopment of study and planning in the field of crisis management of this region seems necessary. Also, according to the results of the earthquake return period in this region, raising the level of urban environment flexibility against the stresses caused by the crisis and minimizing the time of rehabilitation and resilience of cities are among the most important factors that should be considered in planning and managing cities.

How to cite this article: Monazami-Tehrani Z, Monazami-Tehrani GH, Drstian A, Akasheh B, Almasian M. Analysis of the Seismicity Parameters and Strong Ground Movement in Sarpol-e Zahab and its Related Crises. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(1):80-6.

Background and Objectives: Increase in dynamic knee valgus during movements such as landing, jumping, cutting, stepping up and down, and walking is one of the risk factors for knee injuries and a reduction in the mechanical efficiency of movement. Recent research has shown that landing with dynamic knee valgus causes weakness and possible defects in dynamic movements of lower limbs; Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of exercise intervention on dynamic knee valgus angle during landing, jumping, and cutting tests.

Method and Material: Seven electronic databases in Persian (three databases) and English (four databases) and specified keywords were used to identify the studies. These studies include the effects of exercise interventions on dynamic knee valgus during jumping, landing, and cutting tests which were published between 2010 to 2020 and 1390 to 1399 in both Persian and English.

Results: Eleven articles with a total of 445 participants met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the present study. Eight studies reported a significant effect of exercise programs (between three and 10 weeks) on reducing the dynamic knee valgus, and only three studies (between 16 and 24 sessions) showed no difference in dynamic knee valgus. According to the results of this study, Core exercises (strength and stability) and plyometric exercises with 64% and 80% reduction in dynamic knee valgus were the most effective methods in improving the kinematics of the lower limb, respectively.

Conclusion: Using jump-landing, strong core, and lower limb exercises before the main exercise (at least 20 minutes) can reduce dynamic knee valgus and prevent lower limb injuries.

How to cite this article: Ramezani F, Saki F, Sohrabi T. The Effects of Exercise Interventions on Dynamic Knee Valgus: A Systematic Review. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(1): 43-54.