Applications and Ethical Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Sciences: A Narrative Review
akhlāq-i pizishkī i.e., Medical Ethics,
Vol. 20 (1405),
13 Tir 2026
,
Page 1-14
https://doi.org/10.22037/mej.v20i.51383
Abstract
Background and Aim: The emergence of artificial intelligence has the potential to change medical paradigms fundamentally; however, complex ethical and structural challenges accompany this transformation. This study aims to review the key applications of AI in medical sciences and critically analyze the associated ethical challenges arising from it.
Methods: This study was a narrative review conducted to identify, examine, and synthesize existing evidence about the applications and ethical challenges of artificial intelligence in medical sciences. A targeted search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, SID, and Magiran databases and the Google Scholar search engine. All articles published up to March 20, 2026 (Esfand 30, 1404) were included.
Ethical Considerations: In this study, principles of scientific integrity, accurate citation of sources, and respect for intellectual property rights were observed throughout all stages of manuscript preparation.
Results: The findings of the present study classify the applications and ethical challenges of artificial intelligence in medical sciences into two main axes: 1. clinical applications and paradigm shifts and 2. structural and ethical challenges.
Conclusion: Artificial intelligence has the potential to revolutionize medicine, including precision medicine, smart surgery, and drug discovery. However, challenges such as algorithmic bias, privacy threats, legal liability, and diminishing human skills also exist. Therefore, effective use of this technology requires adherence to bioethics, enhanced cybersecurity, and a human-centered approach to ensure that AI is used as a complementary tool to improve health, rather than a factor in creating inequalities or medical errors.
- Artificial Intelligence
- Medical Sciences
- Bioethics
- Precision Medicine
- Ethical Challenges
- Health Management
How to Cite
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