واکاوی نیازهای بیماران و خانوادهها هنگام دریافت خبر بد بر اساس تجارب زیسته: یک مطالعه کیفی
مجله اخلاق پزشکی - علمی پژوهشی,
دوره 19 (1404),
25 سپتامبر 2025
,
صفحه 1-17
https://doi.org/10.22037/mej.v19i-.51968
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: دریافت خبر بد، بیمار و خانواده را در بحرانیترین لحظات روانی و عاطفی قرار میدهد. مراقبت اخلاقی و همدلانه ایجاب میکند که کادر درمان نیازهای آنان را در این موقعیت بشناسند و صرفاً به انتقال اطلاعات اکتفا نکنند. پژوهش حاضر، واکاوی نیازهای بیماران و خانوادهها هنگام دریافت خبر بد بر اساس تجارب زیسته آنها میباشد.
روش: این مطالعه کیفی در سالهای 2023 الی 2025 با استفاده از رویکرد تحلیل محتوای مرسوم انجام شد. شرکتکنندگان شامل سیزده بیمار مبتلا به بیماریهای وخیم، لاعلاج یا تهدیدکننده حیات و پانزده عضو خانواده بودند که سابقه دریافت خبر بد را داشتند. آنها به صورت هدفمند از سه بیمارستان مرکزی در تهران، ایران انتخاب شدند. دادهها از طریق 28 مصاحبه نیمهساختاریافته عمیق به صورت حضوری جمعآوری و برای تحلیل دادهها، از رویکرد Granheim & Landman استفاده گردید.
ملاحظات اخلاقی: از تمامی مشارکتکنندگان پیش از انجام مصاحبه، رضایت آگاهانه اخذ و به مشارکتکنندگان در مورد محرمانهبودن اطلاعات و حق خروج از مطالعه در هر مرحله از پژوهش، درنظر گرفته شد.
یافتهها: در این مطالعه سه طبقه اصلی و هشت زیرطبقه مرتبط با نیازهای بیماران و خانوادهها، استخراج گردید که شامل «نیازهای رهاییبخش (نیاز به امید، نیاز به آرامش، نیاز به حمایت معنوی)، ارتباطات مطلوب (نیاز به حفظ کرامت انسانی، نیاز به حمایت عاطفی)، حمایت حرفهای (نیاز به آمادهسازی تدریجی، نیازهای اطلاعاتی در مورد واقعیت بیماری، نیاز به مشاوره و پشتیبانی)» میباشد.
نتیجهگیری: بیمار و خانواده بعد از دریافت خبر بد قادر به تطبیق خود با واقعیت موجود نیستند. بنابراین انتظار دارند اطلاعات جامع و صادقانه و آمادگی قبلی ارائه شود و شأن و کرامت انسانی آنها رعایت گردد و از حمایت و پشتیبانی اجتماعی برخوردار شوند. بنابراین شناخت نیازهای بیماران و خانوادهها در دریافت خبر بد، میتواند آشفتگیهای آنها را کاهش داده و در تصمیمگیری آگاهانه و رضایت از خدمات درمانی کمک کند. همچنین درک این نیازها در تدوین راهنماهای بالینی میتواند کمککننده باشد.
- دریافت خبر بد
- نیاز و خواسته بیمار
- خانواده
- حقوق بیمار
- مطالعه کیفی
ارجاع به مقاله
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- چکیده مشاهده شده: 47 بار