Evaluation of students' knowledge and health attitude about HPV and human papilloma virus vaccination, a case study in Kermanshah province
Journal of Behdasht dar Arseh (i.e., Health in the Field),
Vol. 10 No. 2 (1401),
27 November 2022
,
Page 57-69
https://doi.org/10.22037/jhf.v10i2.38311
Abstract
Background and Aims: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a dangerous viral disease with the potential for malignant genital cancers. Vaccination rates against HPV are very low in Iran and there are no plans for HPV vaccination. This study was conducted to evaluate knowledge and attitudes about HPV, health beliefs about HPV vaccination benefits, barriers, and intention to recommend HPV vaccination for girls and boys.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire in four sections: demographic measurement, knowledge, attitude and information resources for 500 female and male students in higher education centers of the province in 1400. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the faculty members of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test. Data analysis was done using logistic regression method and 95% confidence interval using SPSS software version 18. Ethical considerations were observed in all phases of the study.
Results: There was a significant difference in knowledge and attitude of participants based on gender in women with 36.4%, postgraduate degrees in women with 16.84%, and disciplines related to medical sciences with 30.25% (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Although no program has yet been presented for HPV vaccination in the province's universities, it is necessary to promote public knowledge about HPV vaccination and to explain HPV vaccination goals among young men and women by health professors.
Keywords:
- Health Attitude, HPV, Knowledge, Students, Vaccination
How to Cite
Pooyanmehr, M. . ., & Sarmadi, A. . . (2022). Evaluation of students’ knowledge and health attitude about HPV and human papilloma virus vaccination, a case study in Kermanshah province. Journal of Behdasht Dar Arseh (i.E., Health in the Field), 10(2), 57–69. https://doi.org/10.22037/jhf.v10i2.38311
References
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32- Srinivas, V., et al., Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs and Willingness to Recommend Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination among Medical Students in Mysore, India. International Journal of Preventive, Curative & Community Medicine,2020;6(4):p.70-80
33- Aryanian, Z., et al., Knowledge and attitude of Iranian university students toward genital warts. medRxiv, 2021;6(3):p.71-83
34- Khatiwada, M., et al., Knowledge, Attitude and Acceptability of the Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine and Vaccination Among University Students in Indonesia. Frontiers in Public Health,2021;9:p.607-708
35- Simbar, M., M. Ghazanfarpour, and S. Abdolahian, Effects of training based on the health belief model on Iranian women's performance about cervical screening: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Education and Health Promotion,2020;9:p.561-673
36- Kamath, A., et al., Level of Awareness About HPV Infection and Vaccine Among the Medical Students: A Comprehensive Review from India. Indian Journal of Gynecologic Oncology,2021;19(4):p.1-7
37- Hashemi, M., S. Kohan, and M. Abdishahshahani, Reproductive health self-care for female students: Educational needs assessment, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences2018,Journal of education and health promotion,2020;9:p.112-123
38- Aghaei, A., M. Nasirian, and A. Pirzadeh, Health Literacy Related to Cervical Cancer among Women Referring to Health Centers of Yazd, Iran. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health,2020;8(4):p.2494-2503
39- Natipagon-Shah, B., E. Lee, and S.-Y. Lee, Knowledge, beliefs, and practices among US college students concerning papillomavirus vaccination. Journal of Community Health,2021;46(2):p.380-388
40- Yin, G., et al., Have you ever heard of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine? The awareness of HPV vaccine for college students in China based on meta-analysis. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics,2021:p.1-12
41- Deng, C., X. Chen, and Y. Liu, Human papillomavirus vaccination: coverage rate, knowledge, acceptance, and associated factors in college students in mainland China. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics,2021;17(3):p.828-835
42- Alsous, M.M., et al., Knowledge about cervical cancer and awareness about human papillomavirus vaccination among medical students in Jordan. PeerJ,2021;9:p.11611-11701
43- Najafi-Sharjabad, F. and M. Rayani, The relationship between knowledge, attitude and acceptance of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination for cervical cancer prevention among students at Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery,2019;16(20:p19-29
44- Ibrahim, W.A., et al., Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and the HPV Vaccine Among Medical and Nursing Students of Duhok, Iraq. Women’s Health Bulletin,2019;6(1):p.1-6
45- Shafei, M.N., et al., Knowledge and perception on human papilloma virus infection and vaccination among medical students of a university in Malaysia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2014;116:p.2707-2710
46- Jamdar, F., et al., Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection among Iranian women using COBAS HPV DNA testing. Infectious agents and cancer,2018;13(1):p.1-5
47- Yousefzadeh, A., et al., Human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and types among women attending regular gynecological visit in Tehran, Iran. Clin Lab,2014;60(2):p.267-273
48- Addison, D., et al., Human papillomavirus status and the risk of cerebrovascular events following radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Journal of the American Heart Association,2017;6(9):p.e. 53-64
49- Chaturvedi, A.K., Beyond cervical cancer: burden of other HPV-related cancers among men and women. Journal of Adolescent Health,2010;46(4):p.20-26
50- Zhao, F.-H., et al., A multi-center survey of age of sexual debut and sexual behavior in Chinese women: suggestions for optimal age of human papillomavirus vaccination in China. Cancer epidemiology,2012;36(4):p.384-390
51- Organization, W.H., WHO recommendations on self-care interventions: human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling as part of cervical cancer screening, World Health Organization.2020
52- Taebi, M., et al., Knowledge and attitude toward human papillomavirus and HPV vaccination in Iranian population: a systematic review. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP,2019;20(7):p.1945-1954
53- Rand, C.M., et al., A learning collaborative model to improve human papillomavirus vaccination rates in primary care. Academic pediatrics,2018;18(2):p46-52
54- Ng, S.S., R. Hutubessy, and N. Chaiyakunapruk, Systematic review of cost-effectiveness studies of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination: 9-Valent vaccine, gender-neutral and multiple age cohort vaccination. Vaccine,2018;36(19):p.2529-2544
55- Reiter, P.L., et al., Early adoption of the human papillomavirus vaccine among Hispanic adolescent males in the United States. Cancer,2014;120(20):p.3200-3207
56- Do, Y.K. and K.Y. Wong, Awareness and acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccine: an application of the instrumental variables bivariate probit model. BMC public health,2012;12(1):p.1-8
57- Barnard, M., et al., Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and uptake in college students: Implications from the Precaution Adoption Process Model. PloS one,2017;12(8):p. e. 18266 -18275
58- Donadiki, E., et al., Health Belief Model applied to non-compliance with HPV vaccine among female university students. Public Health,2014;128(3):p.268-273
59- Sundstrom, B., et al., Protecting the next generation: Elaborating the health belief model to increase HPV vaccination among college-age women. Social Marketing Quarterly,2015;21(3):p.173-188
60- Shobeiri, F., et al., Effects of group training based on the health belief model on knowledge and behavior regarding the pap smear test in Iranian women: a quasi-experimental study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention,2016;17(6):p.2871-2876
61- Babazadeh, T., et al., Predictors of Pap smear screening behavior among rural women in Tabriz, Iran: An application of health belief model. International Journal of Cancer Management,2019;12.(5):p.132-146
62- Kamada, M., et al., What information can change the attitude of teachers toward the human papillomavirus vaccine Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research,2018;44(4):p.778.778
2- Ralaidovy, A.H., et al., Cost-effective interventions for breast cancer, cervical cancer, and colorectal cancer: new results from WHO-CHOICE. Cost Effectiveness and Resource
Allocation, 2018;(1): p. 1-14
3- Guo, S., Y. Hao, and S. Brown, Identification of biomarker and HPV strain for Cervical Cancer from pre-existing RNAseq data. bioRxiv, 2018;(1) :p. 35-40
4- Nikpouri, Z., The Prevalence of High-risk Human Papillomavirus Type16&18 in Women in Rasht-Iran. Reproductive Health, 2021;(3) :p.1-6
5- Salavatiha, Z., et al., A meta‐analysis of human papillomavirus prevalence and types among Iranian women with normal cervical cytology, premalignant lesions, and cervical cancer. Journal of Medical Virology,2021;(4): p. 21-30
6- Ulasan, S., et al., Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer among Malaysia Residents: A review. Sains Malaysiana,2020;49(7):p.1687-1695
7- Dempsey, A.F. and S. Schaffer, Middle-and high-school health education regarding adolescent vaccines and human papillomavirus. Vaccine, 2021;28(44):p.7179-7183
8- Garland, S.M., S.R. Skinner, and J.M. Brotherton, Adolescent and young adult HPV vaccination in Australia: achievements and challenges. Preventive medicine,2011;53:p.29-35.
9- Leung, T.F., et al., Comparative immunogenicity and safety of human papillomavirus (HPV)18.16 -adjuvanted vaccine and HPV- vaccine administered according to2&3 -and dose schedules in girls aged 9-14 years: Results to month12 from a randomized trial. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics,2015;11(7):p.1689-1702
10- Ugwu, E., et al., Acceptability of human papilloma virus vaccine and cervical cancer screening among female health-care workers in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. Nigerian journal of clinical practice,2013;16 (2):p.249-252
11- Rand, C.M., et al., Provider communication, prompts, and feedback to improve HPV vaccination rates in resident clinics. Pediatrics,2018;141 (4): p.7321-7330
12- Rose, S.B., T. Lanumata, and B.A. Lawton, Promoting uptake of the HPV vaccine: the knowledge and views of school staff. Journal of School Health,2011;81(11):p.680-687
13- Xu, X., et al., A nationwide post-marketing survey of knowledge, attitudes and recommendations towards human papillomavirus vaccines among healthcare providers in China. Preventive Medicine,2021;146:p.1064-1084
14- Grandahl, M., et al., School nurses’ attitudes towards and experiences of the Swedish school-based HPV vaccination programme–A repeated cross sectional study. PloS one,2017;12(4):p,e.175-183
15- Kwon, J.-O. and J.-A. Oh, Role expectation and role performance in school health teachers recognized by nursing students who experienced teaching practice. The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education,2011;17(1):p.36-43
16- Izadi, S. and S. Shakerian, Performance Indicators of Cervical Cancer Screening Program Based on The Guidelines of Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education. International Journal of Cancer Management,2021;14 (2): p. 321-330
17- Rančić, N.K., et al., Knowledge about cervical cancer and awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccine among female students from Serbia. Medicina,2020;56(8):p.406-418.
18- Jalil, A.T. and A. Karevskiy, The Cervical Cancer (CC) Epidemiology and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in the Middle East. International Journal of Environment, Engineering & Education,2020;2(2):p.7-12
19- Alshrari, A.S., Knowledge and Awareness toward Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Cervical Cancer among Health College Students in the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 2020;17(3):p.579-588
20- Ahmed, F.T., Knowledge and Attitudes of Vaccination among Iraqi Pharmacy Students. Medico Legal Update,2021;21(1):p.235-241
21- Ali, R.I., R.A. Mohamed, and A.A. Alblawi, Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine among Female Students in Jouf University. International Medical Journal,2021;28.(2): p.621-630
22- Wang, X., et al., Awareness and Knowledge about Human Papilloma Virus Infection among Students at Secondary Occupational Health School in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2021;18(12):p.6321-6330
23- Fernández-Feito, A., et al., Knowledge of the Human Papillomavirus by Social Stratification Factors. Nursing research,2020;69(3):p.e.18-25
24- Saslow, D., et al., Human papillomavirus vaccination guideline update: American Cancer Society guideline adaptation. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians,2020;70(4):p274-280
25- Grandahl, M., et al., To consent or decline HPV vaccination: a pilot study at the start of the national school‐based vaccination program in Sweden. Journal of school health,2017;87(1):p.62-70
26- Bruni, L., et al., HPV vaccination introduction worldwide and WHO and UNICEF estimates of national HPV immunization coverage 2010-2019. Preventive Medicine,2021;144:100-116
27- Shahbazzadegan, S. and M. Pishvaei, Cervical cancer vaccine as a priority of public health practices in Iran. Journal of Research and Health,2017;7(5):p.979-980
28- Ishiwada, N., et al., The effects of health education on health science teachers’ intention to recommend adolescent HPV vaccine for female students in Japan. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics,2020;16(11):p.2752-2757
29- Kim, H.W., Gender differences in knowledge and health beliefs related to behavioral intentions to prevent human papillomavirus infection. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health,2013;25(3):p.248,2259
30- Audisio, R.A., et al., Public health value of universal HPV vaccination. Critical reviews in oncology/hematology,2016;97:p.157-167
31- Zhang, X., et al., Effect of a school-based educational intervention on HPV and HPV vaccine knowledge and willingness to be vaccinated among Chinese adolescents: a multi-center intervention follow-up study. Vaccine,2020;38(20):p.3665-3670
32- Srinivas, V., et al., Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs and Willingness to Recommend Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination among Medical Students in Mysore, India. International Journal of Preventive, Curative & Community Medicine,2020;6(4):p.70-80
33- Aryanian, Z., et al., Knowledge and attitude of Iranian university students toward genital warts. medRxiv, 2021;6(3):p.71-83
34- Khatiwada, M., et al., Knowledge, Attitude and Acceptability of the Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine and Vaccination Among University Students in Indonesia. Frontiers in Public Health,2021;9:p.607-708
35- Simbar, M., M. Ghazanfarpour, and S. Abdolahian, Effects of training based on the health belief model on Iranian women's performance about cervical screening: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Education and Health Promotion,2020;9:p.561-673
36- Kamath, A., et al., Level of Awareness About HPV Infection and Vaccine Among the Medical Students: A Comprehensive Review from India. Indian Journal of Gynecologic Oncology,2021;19(4):p.1-7
37- Hashemi, M., S. Kohan, and M. Abdishahshahani, Reproductive health self-care for female students: Educational needs assessment, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences2018,Journal of education and health promotion,2020;9:p.112-123
38- Aghaei, A., M. Nasirian, and A. Pirzadeh, Health Literacy Related to Cervical Cancer among Women Referring to Health Centers of Yazd, Iran. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health,2020;8(4):p.2494-2503
39- Natipagon-Shah, B., E. Lee, and S.-Y. Lee, Knowledge, beliefs, and practices among US college students concerning papillomavirus vaccination. Journal of Community Health,2021;46(2):p.380-388
40- Yin, G., et al., Have you ever heard of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine? The awareness of HPV vaccine for college students in China based on meta-analysis. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics,2021:p.1-12
41- Deng, C., X. Chen, and Y. Liu, Human papillomavirus vaccination: coverage rate, knowledge, acceptance, and associated factors in college students in mainland China. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics,2021;17(3):p.828-835
42- Alsous, M.M., et al., Knowledge about cervical cancer and awareness about human papillomavirus vaccination among medical students in Jordan. PeerJ,2021;9:p.11611-11701
43- Najafi-Sharjabad, F. and M. Rayani, The relationship between knowledge, attitude and acceptance of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination for cervical cancer prevention among students at Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery,2019;16(20:p19-29
44- Ibrahim, W.A., et al., Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and the HPV Vaccine Among Medical and Nursing Students of Duhok, Iraq. Women’s Health Bulletin,2019;6(1):p.1-6
45- Shafei, M.N., et al., Knowledge and perception on human papilloma virus infection and vaccination among medical students of a university in Malaysia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2014;116:p.2707-2710
46- Jamdar, F., et al., Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection among Iranian women using COBAS HPV DNA testing. Infectious agents and cancer,2018;13(1):p.1-5
47- Yousefzadeh, A., et al., Human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and types among women attending regular gynecological visit in Tehran, Iran. Clin Lab,2014;60(2):p.267-273
48- Addison, D., et al., Human papillomavirus status and the risk of cerebrovascular events following radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Journal of the American Heart Association,2017;6(9):p.e. 53-64
49- Chaturvedi, A.K., Beyond cervical cancer: burden of other HPV-related cancers among men and women. Journal of Adolescent Health,2010;46(4):p.20-26
50- Zhao, F.-H., et al., A multi-center survey of age of sexual debut and sexual behavior in Chinese women: suggestions for optimal age of human papillomavirus vaccination in China. Cancer epidemiology,2012;36(4):p.384-390
51- Organization, W.H., WHO recommendations on self-care interventions: human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling as part of cervical cancer screening, World Health Organization.2020
52- Taebi, M., et al., Knowledge and attitude toward human papillomavirus and HPV vaccination in Iranian population: a systematic review. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP,2019;20(7):p.1945-1954
53- Rand, C.M., et al., A learning collaborative model to improve human papillomavirus vaccination rates in primary care. Academic pediatrics,2018;18(2):p46-52
54- Ng, S.S., R. Hutubessy, and N. Chaiyakunapruk, Systematic review of cost-effectiveness studies of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination: 9-Valent vaccine, gender-neutral and multiple age cohort vaccination. Vaccine,2018;36(19):p.2529-2544
55- Reiter, P.L., et al., Early adoption of the human papillomavirus vaccine among Hispanic adolescent males in the United States. Cancer,2014;120(20):p.3200-3207
56- Do, Y.K. and K.Y. Wong, Awareness and acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccine: an application of the instrumental variables bivariate probit model. BMC public health,2012;12(1):p.1-8
57- Barnard, M., et al., Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and uptake in college students: Implications from the Precaution Adoption Process Model. PloS one,2017;12(8):p. e. 18266 -18275
58- Donadiki, E., et al., Health Belief Model applied to non-compliance with HPV vaccine among female university students. Public Health,2014;128(3):p.268-273
59- Sundstrom, B., et al., Protecting the next generation: Elaborating the health belief model to increase HPV vaccination among college-age women. Social Marketing Quarterly,2015;21(3):p.173-188
60- Shobeiri, F., et al., Effects of group training based on the health belief model on knowledge and behavior regarding the pap smear test in Iranian women: a quasi-experimental study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention,2016;17(6):p.2871-2876
61- Babazadeh, T., et al., Predictors of Pap smear screening behavior among rural women in Tabriz, Iran: An application of health belief model. International Journal of Cancer Management,2019;12.(5):p.132-146
62- Kamada, M., et al., What information can change the attitude of teachers toward the human papillomavirus vaccine Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research,2018;44(4):p.778.778
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