Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metals in lettuce in Varamin plain region in 2022
Journal of Behdasht dar Arseh (i.e., Health in the Field),
Vol. 12 No. 1 (1403),
27 Shahrivar 2024
,
Page 1-10
https://doi.org/10.22037/jhf.v12i1.44129
Abstract
Background and Aims: Vegetables are one of the essential food items in life and the main source of important elements for the human body, therefore, an increase in the concentration of heavy metals in vegetables can cause significant harm to human health. This study was conducted in 2022 with the aim of assessing the health risks of heavy metals in lettuce in the Varamin Plain region.
Materials and Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted to measure the concentration of heavy metals in 48 lettuce samples. Lettuce samples were taken from agricultural land and greenhouses using two irrigation methods with water and wastewater. The concentration of heavy metals was measured using an MP-AES device. All stages of this research were conducted in accordance with ethical and research standards.
Results: The finding of the present study showed that the average concentration of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead in lettuce leaves in agricultural land irrigated with effluent was 0.51, 0.40, 0.09, and 0.46 mg/kg, respectively, in irrigated lettuce leaves with groundwater were 0.62, 0.4, 0.29, and 0.84 mg/kg, respectively, and in greenhouse lettuce leaves irrigated with underground water were 0.53, 0.23, 0.20, and 0.70 mg/kg, respectively. The non-carcinogenic risk assessment showed that arsenic and cadmium posed a higher risk than one for adults and children, and the carcinogenic risk of these two metals ranged from 10-6 to 10-4, which was within an acceptable range.
Conclusion: Considering the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of arsenic and cadmium for adults and children, corrective actions and continuous monitoring of lettuce in the Varamin Plain region appear necessary.
- Heavy metals, Lettuce, Effluent, Health Risk Assessment
How to Cite
References
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