Tārīkh-i pizishkī i.e., Medical History

The Islamic medicine as a Theory, has principles, ideology, science and sturdy materials. IN this article, with unbiased and non-judgmental comment about True or false statements, we classify agree views about Islamic medicine Theory in 7 title.Nowadays, lots of Books, articles and Subjects has published as Islamic medicine. But scientific originality and richness of content is not observed in some works. Therefore in this article, we used some richer subjects in terms of content. By examining the agree views about Islamic medicine Theory, Clearly be deduced that There are several views about definition and concept of Islamic medicine. It appears that differences of opinion, mainly due to the viewing angle and researchers attitude to the issue of Islamic medicine. One of the reasons for the extent and distribution of ideas is not using the scientific method by researchers. Thus, using proper research method is essential for the formation of a comprehensive view.

Symbol is a word or shape that suggest to mind a virtually higher than word or shape. One of the most important symbols is Kadoseh. It is a symbol of drug treatment .It is a short staff entwined by two serpents, sometimes surmounted by wings. Although this symbol has imputed to Asklêpios, god of medical in Greece, but there is historic origins that this symbol that it's element namely snake have specially palce in ancient civilization and religion of Iran, so it get that kadoseh,s symbol have completely persian basic that by developing of Mithraism and transfusionin Christian from the other way states, is accepted too.

The purpose of this study was to investigate treatment for phobia- With an emphasis on the transophobia of Khuzestan- In the traditional medicine among ethnic group; in addition this method of treatment was compared with psychological therapies. In traditional medicine, the wise men focused on fear as a division of mental – emotions problems group. They were considered fear as an unpleasant emotional state to escape from undesirable things and for the treatment they used of herbal medicines and magical properties of stones and metals. Iranian kinfolk – especially transophobia (Tars-e-borun) in Khuzestan- searched fear factor outside the patient's body and for the treatment were used common equipments and elements like fire, water and salt. By using images that stamped with salt and water on frying pan and by interviewing with frightened person can realize the cause of fear. Some aspects of this treatment approach is applicable with some views of psychology, as well as psychoanalysis treatments, behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy and family intervention approach.

This study had been explored medicine in a special period from the Islam’s prophet’s birthday till the falling of Umayyad Caliphate government. Sometimes this era was mistakenly called "silence of civilization era". At this period, which coincidences with "the age of ignorance" and the advent of Mohammad (PUBH) and his successors, Arabs conquests occurred but attention toward medicine was decreased. At that time, Prophetic medicine, which consists of Holly prophet medical advices, became more popular but other traditional medicine such as Persian (Gundishpur), Unani (Greek), Romanesque and Syriac coexisted with it. Military medicine flourished at that time, and many women were absorbed in it. In this study Arabic medicine in the "age of ignorance", Holly prophetic medicine (Arabic: Teb-al-Nabi) and Arabic medicine in Umayyad Caliphate was evaluated.

Body management as a part of individual behaviors in order to maintain body health and beauty Historically among Iranians have been considered. In this paper, according to a report by European within Descriptive and analytical methods using historical sources examined two method that was used by Iranian on the management body in Qajar age in order to show how that was the body management situation in Qajar age. Investigation of European traveler’s writings showed that the body management among Iranian people in Qajar age done in two ways. They are using cosmetics such as henna, a dye, soap and clothing, as well as using a variety of jewelry to beautify their face. This behaviors helped to their health. Although using of variety jewelry allocated to affluent family, but also the poor and middle class women Tried to imitate the practice of the wealthier family in order to ensure their authenticity and identity in society. Another way to body management in this age attempts to maintain their body healthier, such as bathing, cleaning the body and going to the doctors for diseases treatment. The prevalence of communicable diseases through drinking water and public baths Lack of access to qualified physician, lack of medical centers was another problem that people were suffering in the Qajar age. These problems, in turn, threatens the health of people and provided the basis for the spread of epidemics.

Dracunculus medinensis (Guinea worm, Medina worm and Dragon worm) is one of the parasitic worms string length reaches up to over a meter in the subcutaneous tissue of humans and some primate tropical taken place, the disease can be painful and sometimes fatal. Zahhak name is Arabic of "Dahak" in the Avesta as "Azhy Dahak". Zahhak legend is one of the most ancient Persian mythologies. Ferdowsi, consistent with cultural beliefs, symbolic and poetic language, but the source of truth, has described the adventure. The authors speculate that the snake lies on the shoulders Zahhak, in fact these are Dracunculus worm parasite. This present report is the first historical account of the development of the Dracunculus parasite disease in mammals that is mentioned in historical and literary texts.

Abstract: Yohan Louis Schlimmer (Yohannes Lodewik Schlimmer born Rotterdam 1818) who studied medicine in the University of Leiden had an excellent and effective reputation in the Iranian modern medicine during the reign of nãser al-dĪn shah Qajar. After about two years practicing and studying medicine in Syria and Iraq, Schlimmer arrived Gilan (Rasht), where he continued his medical work. Ultimately, the magnetic attraction of Tehran attracted him to this city, the place where he taught medicine at Dãr al-Funūn, did research, practiced medicine, married, owned some children, died (1876) and was buried there.

Schlimmer^’s masterpiece is his influential medical work "Terminologie Medico-Pharmaceutique et Anthropologique Française-Persane" (1874), a major pharmacopoeia. It became his legacy and the cherished guide for future smooth, fluent and easy style writing. As a valuable medical work it was republished in 1970 and again in 2001. Schlimmer with Mirza Aliakbarkhan Nafisi also authored a medical dictionary in Persian under the title "Loghat-nãma" (Persane-Française) which became famous as "Schlimmer’s Dictionary".

He created and modified much of the medical terminology used in Iran today. Being a public health officer Schlimmer was the first to define the concept of “public health” (hifz al-sihha) in medical history of Iran.

A significant number of Iranian traditional medicine books were written with the subject of medical foundations and sanitation measures and issues of authorship and books written in the field of health care and makeup professionally especially for women are very few and limited. TohfatoAlkhvatyn from Ali ben Hussein Ansari Shirazi called Haji Zain Altar was written in the eighth century in Persian language. It is one of the few copies that much of it is related to women's health and beauty with the connivance of some issues that may not be consistent with the principles of modern medicine. Rehabilitation and rewrite the manuscript that has recently been completed is a valuable opportunity for traditional medicine specialists and researchers to be able to research in the field of health, especially for women and to easily reach the most important issues and after testing and investigation, they make public their experiences. It is an effective step in the development of family and community health. TohfatoAlkhvatyn is written in seven chapters on women's health and beauty such as the types of chemical peel, strengthen hair and hair color mints, toothpaste, obstetrics, gynecology, infertility, obesity and underweight.