Evaluation of Diethyl phthalate and Diallyl phthalate biodegradation mechanisms in the treatment of synthetic wastewater
Journal of Behdasht dar Arseh (i.e., Health in the Field),
Vol. 2 No. 1 (1393),
30 December 2014
,
Page 10-18
https://doi.org/10.22037/jhf.v2i1.5672
Abstract
Background and Aims: Over the last few years, Phethalic Acid Esters (PAEs) have attracted a widespread attention due to their widespread production and use. These compounds are not only linked to endocrine disruption and cancer but also considered as emerging and hazardous pollutants. Large amounts of PAEs have been detected in industrial wastewaters. Given the widespread use of biological processes in industrial
wastewater treatment, this study aimed to identify biodegradation pathways of PAEs and their potential metabolites.
Materials and Methods: Two short-chain esters from phthalic acid esters including diethyl phthalate (DEP) and diallyl phthalate (DAP) were selected in the present study. We used the survey of metabolites in a moving bed biofilm reactor effluent to determine biodegradation pathways of designated esters at hydraulic retention times of 1 to 12 hours. Influent concentration of 100 mg/l was also considered throughout the study.
Results: Phthalic acid, mono-methyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate and catechol were identified as the most noteworthy metabolites in biodegradation of both esters. The degradation pathway of both studied compounds was similar and involves either detachment of ester-chain or removal of methyl group, followed by few decomposition steps resulting in the production of benzene ring. The degradation can proceed further with ring cleavage and it ends with 2-hydroxy muconic semi-aldehyde.
Conclusion: The main route for removal of studied compounds was de-esterification followed by demethylation. According to identifies degradation pathways and metabolites produced, biodegradation can be considered as a reliable treatment process for industrial wastewaters containing PAEs.
- Biodegradation, Phthalic Acid Esters, Synthetic wastewater
How to Cite
References
REFRENCES
Buragohain M, Bhuyan B, Sarma HP. Seasonal variations of lead, arsenic, cadmium and aluminium
contamination of groundwater in Dhemaji district, Assam, India. Environmental monitoring and assessment 2010;170(1-4):345-51.
Hou D, He J, Lu C, Ren L, Fan Q, Wang J, et al. Distribution characteristics and potential ecological
risk assessment of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd) in water and sediments from Lake Dalinouer, China.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2013;93:135-44.
Smith AH, Steinmaus CM .Health effects of arsenic and chromium in drinking water: recent human
findings. Annual review of public health 2009;30:107-22.
Brahman KD, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Naseem S, Arain SS. Evaluation of high levels of fluoride, arsenic
species and other physicochemical parameters in underground water of two sub districts of Tharparkar,
Pakistan. A multivariate study. Water research 2013;47(3):1005-7.
Rajai G, Poorkhbaz A, Hsarymotla QS. Heavy metals health risk assessment of groundwater resources
Aliabad katol Plain. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences 2012;4(9):155-62 (In
persian).
Sacmacı S, Kartal S, Sacmacı M. Determination of Cr (III), Fe (III), Ni (II), Pb (II) AND Zn (II) ions
by FAAS in environmental samples after separation and preconcentration by solvent extraction using a
triketone reagent. Environmental bulletin 2012;21(6):1563-70.
Argos M, Kalra T, Pierce BL, Chen Y, Parvez F, Islam T, et al. A prospective study of arsenic exposure from drinking water and incidence of skin lesions in Bangladesh. American journal of epidemiology 2011;174(2):185-94.
EEA. Air quality in Europe. European Environment Agency 2013;9:76-83.
Rosado JL, Ronquillo D, Kordas K, Rojas O, Alatorre J, Lopez P, et al. Arsenic exposure and cognitive
performance in Mexican schoolchildren. Environmental health perspectives 2007;115(9):1371.
Babai y, Alavi Moghaddam.M, Qasemzadeh.F, Arbabzvar.M.H. Arsenic contamination of groundwater in the Kashmar Koohsorkh. Environmental Science and Technology 2007;10(3):31-5(In persian).
Dehghani M, Abbasnejad A. Cadmium, Arsenic, Lead and Nitrate Pollution in the Groundwater of Anar Plain. Journal of Environmental Studies 2011;36(56):28-30(In persian).
Mosaferi M, Taghipour H, Hasani AH, Borgheei M, Kamali Kordabad Z, Ghadirzadeh A. Study of arsenic presence in drinking water sources: a case study. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment 2008;1(1):19-28 (In persian).
WHO. WHO guidelines for indoor air quality: selected pollutants World Health Organization 2010;13-59.
WHO. WHO Air quality guidelines for particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide.
Global update 2005World Health Organization 2006;2:105-10.
Copper and the Environment.2014. Available from: http:// www. ngdir.ir/GeoportalInfo/PSubjectInfo
Detail .aspPID=161. Accessed January 18, 2014.
Farias SS, Casa VA, Vázquez C, Ferpozzi L, Pucci GN, Cohen IM. Natural contamination with arsenic and other trace elements in ground waters of Argentine Pampean Plain. Science of the Total Environment 2003;309(1):187-99
Mukherjee A, Sengupta MK, Hossain MA, Ahamed S, Das B, Nayak B, et al. Arsenic contamination in groundwater: a global perspective with emphasis on the Asian scenario. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition 2006;24(2):142-63.
Shahryari T, Moashery BN, Sharifzadeh GR. Concentrations of chromium and copper in the ground water and drinking water distribution network of Birjand 2009-2010. Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences 2011;17(4):62-7(In persian).
Xiaolong W, Jingyi H, Ligang X, Qi Z. Spatial and seasonal variations of the contamination within water body of the Grand Canal, China. Environmental Pollution 2010;158(5):1513-20.
Ho HH, Swennen R, Cappuyns V, Vassilieva E, Neyens G, Rajabali M, et al. Assessment on pollution by heavy metals and arsenic based on surficial and core sediments in the Cam River-mouth, Haiphong province, Vietnam. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal 2013;22(4):415-32.
Clesceri H, Greenberge A, D.Eaton A. Standard Methods For The Examination Of Water And Wastewater, 20th Edition, APHA, Washington DC. 1998 1998.
Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI) 1053.5th.revision 2009(In persian).
Geological survey of Iran, cartographer GE. RAfsanjan: Geological survey of Iran 2012.
Census of Population and Housing 90. 2011. Available from :http: //amar .kr.ir/uploads/ sarshomari/ab/ rafsan .pdf. Accessed January 28,2014.
Geochemical zoning of environmental pollution of heavy metals with the application of GIS in
Ghamsar-Ghohrood area. Thirty-Second Meeting of the International Congress on Earth Science 2014
feb; p:16-19 (In persian).
Ebrahimi meymand M, Abbasnejad A, Bhrooz M. Distribution and origin of arsenic in groundwater in
Rafsanjan plain and providing a suitable solution for its removal. Proceedings of 14th Conference of Geology and the Environment 2009 (In persian).
- Abstract Viewed: 712 times