Survey of Acetaminophen removal from aqueous solution using peroxy-electrochemical method
Journal of Behdasht dar Arseh (i.e., Health in the Field),
Vol. 10 No. 3 (1401),
18 March 2023
,
Page 1-10
https://doi.org/10.22037/jhf.v10i3.39207
Abstract
Background and Aims: Drug compounds, including acetaminophen, enter the environment through urban and industrial wastewater. The presence of these substances in very small amounts causes adverse effects on health. The goal of this research is to investigate of acetaminophen removal from aqueous solution by batch proxy electrochemical reactor with using zinc-copper electrode and hydrogen peroxide.
Materials and Methods: This study is a laboratory experimental research. Water sample containing acetaminophen was prepared and removal efficiency in different conditions of variables pH (4-8), c reaction time (30-90 min), concentration of acetaminophen (50-200 mg/L), current density (3-9 mA/cm2), and concentration of hydrogen peroxide (0.5-1.5 mg/L) were studied. Acetaminophen was determined by high performance liquid chromatography at 360. Ethical considerations were observed at all stages of the study.
Results: In electrochemical reactor, the removal rate of 50 mg/L acetaminophen was obtained in the optimal conditions of 2 cm distance between electrodes, 9 mA/cm2 electric current density, 30 minutes electrolysis time, and pH equal to 4, 63%. In proxy electrochemical reactor, the amount of acetaminophen removal at a concentration of 1.5 mg/L hydrogen peroxide, 9 mA/cm2 electric current density, 30 minutes time reaction, an optimal pH equal to 4, and 50 mg/L acetaminophen concentration was obtained 100%.
Conclusion: Based on these results, the peroxy electrochemical method, as a promising and environmentally friendly advanced oxidation technology, is effective in removing acetaminophen from aqueous solutions and the process implementation conditions are more cost-effective compared to electrochemical method.
Keywords:
- Acetaminophen, Drug, Hydrogen peroxide, Proxy electrochemical
How to Cite
kashi, giti, & Nourieh, N. . (2023). Survey of Acetaminophen removal from aqueous solution using peroxy-electrochemical method. Journal of Behdasht Dar Arseh (i.E., Health in the Field), 10(3), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.22037/jhf.v10i3.39207
References
منابع
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3. Shan Y, Yang L, Perren K, Zhang Y. Household water consumption: insight from a survey in Greece and Poland. Procedia Engineering. 2015;119:1409-18.
4. Karimi M, Maghsoodi E, Zayer B, Rashkeie S, Zareie F. The Frequency of self-medication and its effective factors in students and their peer group in the City of Boukan in 2016: A descriptive study. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2019;18(8):753-68.
5. Azami-Aghdash S, Ghojazadeh M, Azar FP, Naghavi-Behzad M, Mahmoudi M, Jamali Z. Fluoride concentration of drinking waters and prevalence of fluorosis in iran: a systematic review. Journal of dental research, dental clinics, dental prospects. 2013;7(1):1.
6. Hashemian F, Roohi E. Exploring cytotoxic drugs residues in hospital effluents: a narrative review. Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity-Tehran Medical Branch. 2019;29(4):284-95.
7. Nannou C, Kaprara E, Psaltou S, Salapasidou M, Palasantza P-A, Diamantopoulos P, et al. Monitoring of a broad set of pharmaceuticals in wastewaters by high-resolution mass spectrometry and evaluation of heterogenous catalytic ozonation for their removal in a pre-industrial level unit. Analytica. 2022;3(2):195-212.
8. Duong M, Gulmez SE, Salvo F, Abouelfath A, Lassalle R, Droz C, et al. Usage patterns of paracetamol in France. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2016;82(2):498-503.
9. Azami-Aghdash S, Mohseni M, Etemadi M, Royani S, Moosavi A, Nakhaee M. Prevalence and cause of self-medication in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis article. Iranian journal of public health. 2015;44(12):1580.
10. Prego-Domínguez J, Takkouche B. Paracetamol Intake and Hematologic Malignancies: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Journal of clinical medicine. 2021;10(11):2429.
11. Ghannadi M. Drugs in Water: Environmental Concerns, an Alarming Truth. Journal of Water and Wastewater Science and Engineering. 2018;3(3):3-16.
12. Kashi G, Potkee M. Investigation Electro-photocatalytic Removal of Acetaminophen from Drinking Water. 2016.
13. Shahamat YD, Farzadkia M, Nasseri S, Mahvi A, Gholami M, Esrafily A. Evaluation of toxicity reduction, mineralization, and treatability of phenolic wastewater treated with combined system of catalytic ozonation process/biological reactor (SBR). Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2015;8(3).
14. Nourieh N, Nabizadeh R, Faramarzi MA, Nasseri S, Yaghmaeian K, Mahmoudi B, et al. Photocatalytic degradation of ketoconazole by Z-scheme Ag3PO4/graphene oxide: response surface modeling and optimization. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020;27(1):250-63.
15. Khan AH, Khan NA, Ahmed S, Dhingra A, Singh CP, Khan SU, et al. Application of advanced oxidation processes followed by different treatment technologies for hospital wastewater treatment. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020;269:122411.
16. Samarghandi M, Rahmani A, Darabi Z, Mehralipour J. Performance evaluation of electroproxone process in degradation of ceftriaxone pharmaceutical compound from synthetic solution. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2020;12(4):515-30.
17. Assadi A, Naseri S, Mohammadian Fazli M. Investigation of Phenol Removal by Proxy-Electrocoagulation Process with Iron Electrodes from Aqueous Solutions. Journal of Human Environment and Health Promotion. 2017;2(4):212-9.
18. Li Z, Yuan S, Qiu C, Wang Y, Pan X, Wang J, et al. Effective degradation of refractory organic pollutants in landfill leachate by electro-peroxone treatment. Electrochimica Acta. 2013;102:174-82.
19. Khani M, Mahvi A, Zazouli M, Yousefi Z, Shahamat Y. Investigating the treatment and mineralization of olive oil mill wastewater by using electrocoagulation and novel various advanced oxidations: a kinetic study. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2019;12(1).
20. KordMostafapour F, Bazrafshan E, Belarak D, Khoshnamvand N. Survey of Photo-catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin antibiotic using copper oxide nanoparticles (UV/CuO) in aqueous environment. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2016;15(4):307-18.
21. Bina B, Hajizadeh Y, Karimi S, Ahmadnia H, Meserghani M. Efficiency of Electro-Persulfate Process Optimized with Hydrogen Peroxide in Removal of Hospital Wastewater COD by Response Surface Methodology. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2018;17(5):407-20.
22. ALIANNEJAD S, KASHI G, KHEZRI S, MASHINCHIYAN A. REMOVAL OF FLUORIDE FROM DRINKING WATER USING AN ELECTROCOAGULATION REACTOR, BATCH EXPERIMENTS. 2014.
23. Association APH. APHA–AWWA–WPCF, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. American Water Works Association, New York. 2017.
24. Kashi G, Hydarian N. Optimization Electrophotocatalytic Removal of Sulfanilamide From Aqueous Water by Taguchi Model. Journal of Mathematics. 2019;6(10):50-3.
25. Alizadeh M, Mahvi AH, Mansoorian HJ. The survey of electrocoagulation Process for removal dye Reactive Orange 16 from aqueous solutions using sacrificial iron electrodes. Iranian Journal of Health, Safety and Environment. 2014;1(1):1-8.
26. Noroozi Cholcheh M, Fadaei A, Mohammadi-Moghadam F, Mardani G. Efficiency of Advanced H2O2/ZnO Oxidation Process in Ceftriaxone Antibiotic Removal from Aqueous Solutions. Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab (in persian). 2017;28(5):39-47.
27. Benhadji A, Ahmed MT. Detergent Removal from Rinsing Water by Peroxi Electrocoagulation Process. International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Engineering. 2019;13(10):607-10.
28. Yazdanbakhsh AR, Kermani M, Komasi S, Aghayani E, Sheikhmohammadi A. Humic acid removal from aqueous solutions by peroxi-electrocoagulation process. Environmental Health Engineering and Management Journal. 2015;2(2):53-8.
29. Yehya T, Favier L, Kadmi Y, Audonnet F, Fayad N, Gavrilescu M, et al. Removal of carbamazepine by electrocoagulation: investigation of some key operational parameters. Environmental Engineering & Management Journal (EEMJ). 2015;14(3).
30. Biglari H, Bazrafshan E. Performance evaluation of electrochemical process using iron and aluminum electrodes in phenol removal from synthetic aqueous environment. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2013;5(4):445-56.
31. Kashi G. Optimization of electrochemical process for phenanthrene removal from aqueous medium by Taguchi. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry. 2017;99(5-6):772-82.
32. Karimi P, Baneshi MM, Malakootian M. Photocatalytic degradation of aspirin from aqueous solutions using the UV/ZnO process: modelling, analysis and optimization by response surface methodology (RSM). Desalin Water Treat. 2019;161:354-64.
33. Nematollahi D, Barnaji BF, Amani A. Electrochemical synthesis and kinetic evaluation of electrooxidation of acetaminophen in the presence of antidepressant drugs. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research: IJPR. 2015;14(4):1115.
34. Mirzamohammadi H, Daraei H, Shahmoradi B, Gharibi F, Maleki A. An investigation of electrocoagulation-flotation process and alternating pulse currentin diazinon removal from aqueous solutions. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2017;27(147):322-38.
35. Massoudinejad M, Khashij M, Soltanian M. Survey of electrocoagulation process in the removal of pathogen bacteria from wastewater before discharge in the acceptor water. 2014.
36. Hadi M, SOLAIMANY AM, Amiri M, Arjipour M. Optimization of UV/H2O2/TiO2 process for the treatment of hospital effluent. 2018.
37. Aslani H, Nabizadeh R. Effect of combined disinfection techniques for inactivation of B. Subtillis spores. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2016;8(4):481-90.
38. Mogadam Arjmand A, Rezaee M, Naseri S, Eshraghi S. Study of sodium chloride supporting electrolyte on electrochemical removal of Bacillus subtilis spores from drinking water. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2015;8(1):81-8.
1. Yousefichaijan P, Ghafari MOS, Taher Ahmadi H, Farajzadeh L, Zamamiyan A. Comparison between Antipyretic Effects of Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen Monotherapy with Alternative Regimen of Both Drugs in Children Aged 6 Months to 12 Years. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences. 2014;17(4):82-8.
2. Quesada HB, Baptista ATA, Cusioli LF, Seibert D, de Oliveira Bezerra C, Bergamasco R. Surface water pollution by pharmaceuticals and an alternative of removal by low-cost adsorbents: A review. Chemosphere. 2019;222:766-80.
3. Shan Y, Yang L, Perren K, Zhang Y. Household water consumption: insight from a survey in Greece and Poland. Procedia Engineering. 2015;119:1409-18.
4. Karimi M, Maghsoodi E, Zayer B, Rashkeie S, Zareie F. The Frequency of self-medication and its effective factors in students and their peer group in the City of Boukan in 2016: A descriptive study. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2019;18(8):753-68.
5. Azami-Aghdash S, Ghojazadeh M, Azar FP, Naghavi-Behzad M, Mahmoudi M, Jamali Z. Fluoride concentration of drinking waters and prevalence of fluorosis in iran: a systematic review. Journal of dental research, dental clinics, dental prospects. 2013;7(1):1.
6. Hashemian F, Roohi E. Exploring cytotoxic drugs residues in hospital effluents: a narrative review. Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity-Tehran Medical Branch. 2019;29(4):284-95.
7. Nannou C, Kaprara E, Psaltou S, Salapasidou M, Palasantza P-A, Diamantopoulos P, et al. Monitoring of a broad set of pharmaceuticals in wastewaters by high-resolution mass spectrometry and evaluation of heterogenous catalytic ozonation for their removal in a pre-industrial level unit. Analytica. 2022;3(2):195-212.
8. Duong M, Gulmez SE, Salvo F, Abouelfath A, Lassalle R, Droz C, et al. Usage patterns of paracetamol in France. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2016;82(2):498-503.
9. Azami-Aghdash S, Mohseni M, Etemadi M, Royani S, Moosavi A, Nakhaee M. Prevalence and cause of self-medication in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis article. Iranian journal of public health. 2015;44(12):1580.
10. Prego-Domínguez J, Takkouche B. Paracetamol Intake and Hematologic Malignancies: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Journal of clinical medicine. 2021;10(11):2429.
11. Ghannadi M. Drugs in Water: Environmental Concerns, an Alarming Truth. Journal of Water and Wastewater Science and Engineering. 2018;3(3):3-16.
12. Kashi G, Potkee M. Investigation Electro-photocatalytic Removal of Acetaminophen from Drinking Water. 2016.
13. Shahamat YD, Farzadkia M, Nasseri S, Mahvi A, Gholami M, Esrafily A. Evaluation of toxicity reduction, mineralization, and treatability of phenolic wastewater treated with combined system of catalytic ozonation process/biological reactor (SBR). Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2015;8(3).
14. Nourieh N, Nabizadeh R, Faramarzi MA, Nasseri S, Yaghmaeian K, Mahmoudi B, et al. Photocatalytic degradation of ketoconazole by Z-scheme Ag3PO4/graphene oxide: response surface modeling and optimization. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020;27(1):250-63.
15. Khan AH, Khan NA, Ahmed S, Dhingra A, Singh CP, Khan SU, et al. Application of advanced oxidation processes followed by different treatment technologies for hospital wastewater treatment. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020;269:122411.
16. Samarghandi M, Rahmani A, Darabi Z, Mehralipour J. Performance evaluation of electroproxone process in degradation of ceftriaxone pharmaceutical compound from synthetic solution. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2020;12(4):515-30.
17. Assadi A, Naseri S, Mohammadian Fazli M. Investigation of Phenol Removal by Proxy-Electrocoagulation Process with Iron Electrodes from Aqueous Solutions. Journal of Human Environment and Health Promotion. 2017;2(4):212-9.
18. Li Z, Yuan S, Qiu C, Wang Y, Pan X, Wang J, et al. Effective degradation of refractory organic pollutants in landfill leachate by electro-peroxone treatment. Electrochimica Acta. 2013;102:174-82.
19. Khani M, Mahvi A, Zazouli M, Yousefi Z, Shahamat Y. Investigating the treatment and mineralization of olive oil mill wastewater by using electrocoagulation and novel various advanced oxidations: a kinetic study. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2019;12(1).
20. KordMostafapour F, Bazrafshan E, Belarak D, Khoshnamvand N. Survey of Photo-catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin antibiotic using copper oxide nanoparticles (UV/CuO) in aqueous environment. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2016;15(4):307-18.
21. Bina B, Hajizadeh Y, Karimi S, Ahmadnia H, Meserghani M. Efficiency of Electro-Persulfate Process Optimized with Hydrogen Peroxide in Removal of Hospital Wastewater COD by Response Surface Methodology. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2018;17(5):407-20.
22. ALIANNEJAD S, KASHI G, KHEZRI S, MASHINCHIYAN A. REMOVAL OF FLUORIDE FROM DRINKING WATER USING AN ELECTROCOAGULATION REACTOR, BATCH EXPERIMENTS. 2014.
23. Association APH. APHA–AWWA–WPCF, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. American Water Works Association, New York. 2017.
24. Kashi G, Hydarian N. Optimization Electrophotocatalytic Removal of Sulfanilamide From Aqueous Water by Taguchi Model. Journal of Mathematics. 2019;6(10):50-3.
25. Alizadeh M, Mahvi AH, Mansoorian HJ. The survey of electrocoagulation Process for removal dye Reactive Orange 16 from aqueous solutions using sacrificial iron electrodes. Iranian Journal of Health, Safety and Environment. 2014;1(1):1-8.
26. Noroozi Cholcheh M, Fadaei A, Mohammadi-Moghadam F, Mardani G. Efficiency of Advanced H2O2/ZnO Oxidation Process in Ceftriaxone Antibiotic Removal from Aqueous Solutions. Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab (in persian). 2017;28(5):39-47.
27. Benhadji A, Ahmed MT. Detergent Removal from Rinsing Water by Peroxi Electrocoagulation Process. International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Engineering. 2019;13(10):607-10.
28. Yazdanbakhsh AR, Kermani M, Komasi S, Aghayani E, Sheikhmohammadi A. Humic acid removal from aqueous solutions by peroxi-electrocoagulation process. Environmental Health Engineering and Management Journal. 2015;2(2):53-8.
29. Yehya T, Favier L, Kadmi Y, Audonnet F, Fayad N, Gavrilescu M, et al. Removal of carbamazepine by electrocoagulation: investigation of some key operational parameters. Environmental Engineering & Management Journal (EEMJ). 2015;14(3).
30. Biglari H, Bazrafshan E. Performance evaluation of electrochemical process using iron and aluminum electrodes in phenol removal from synthetic aqueous environment. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2013;5(4):445-56.
31. Kashi G. Optimization of electrochemical process for phenanthrene removal from aqueous medium by Taguchi. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry. 2017;99(5-6):772-82.
32. Karimi P, Baneshi MM, Malakootian M. Photocatalytic degradation of aspirin from aqueous solutions using the UV/ZnO process: modelling, analysis and optimization by response surface methodology (RSM). Desalin Water Treat. 2019;161:354-64.
33. Nematollahi D, Barnaji BF, Amani A. Electrochemical synthesis and kinetic evaluation of electrooxidation of acetaminophen in the presence of antidepressant drugs. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research: IJPR. 2015;14(4):1115.
34. Mirzamohammadi H, Daraei H, Shahmoradi B, Gharibi F, Maleki A. An investigation of electrocoagulation-flotation process and alternating pulse currentin diazinon removal from aqueous solutions. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2017;27(147):322-38.
35. Massoudinejad M, Khashij M, Soltanian M. Survey of electrocoagulation process in the removal of pathogen bacteria from wastewater before discharge in the acceptor water. 2014.
36. Hadi M, SOLAIMANY AM, Amiri M, Arjipour M. Optimization of UV/H2O2/TiO2 process for the treatment of hospital effluent. 2018.
37. Aslani H, Nabizadeh R. Effect of combined disinfection techniques for inactivation of B. Subtillis spores. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2016;8(4):481-90.
38. Mogadam Arjmand A, Rezaee M, Naseri S, Eshraghi S. Study of sodium chloride supporting electrolyte on electrochemical removal of Bacillus subtilis spores from drinking water. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2015;8(1):81-8.
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