بررسی سطح آگاهی و عوامل مؤثر بر تصمیمگیری مادران شاغل در مراکز بهداشتی نسبت به تزریق واکسن ویروس پاپیلومای انسانی به فرزندان دختر
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی بهداشت در عرصه,
دوره 12 شماره 4 (1403),
7 ژوئیهٔ 2025
,
صفحه 17-24
https://doi.org/10.22037/jhf.v12i4.47587
چکیده
زمینه و اهداف: ویروس پاپیلومای انسانی(HPV) عامل اصلی سرطان دهانه رحم است، که دومین سرطان شایع در زنان ایرانی محسوب میشود. با وجود اثربخشی بالای واکسیناسیون، پذیرش آن تحت تأثیر عوامل مختلفی از جمله نگرش والدین قرار دارد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی نگرش زنان شاغل در مراکز بهداشتی مشهد نسبت به واکسیناسیونHPV فرزندان دخترشان انجام شد.
مواد و روشها: این مطالعه مقطعی- تحلیلی بر روی 198 زن شاغل در مراکز بهداشت مشهد انجام شد. نمونهگیری به روش در دسترس و معیارهای ورود داشتن حداقل یک فرزند دختر 9 تا 26 ساله و تحصیلات فوقدیپلم به بالا بود. دادهها با استفاده از پرسشنامه استاندارد مکری جمعآوری شد که چهار بعد نگرش (درک صدمات، موانع، اثربخشی و اطمینان) را میسنجید. پایایی پرسشنامه با آلفای کرونباخ 0/85 تأیید شد. تحلیل دادهها با آزمون t تک نمونهای و نرمافزار SPSS 26 انجام گرفت. رعایت ملاحظات اخلاقی در تمام مراحل اجرای مطالعه درنظر گرفته شد.
یافتهها: میانگین نمره کلی نگرش (44/9 از 40) به طور معناداری مطلوب بوده است (P<0/001) نگرش به اثربخشی واکسن (7/01 از 5) و اطمینان به آن (7/8 از 7/5) مثبت ارزیابی شد؛ اما درک موانع (12/37) نشاندهنده چالشهای دسترسی است. تنها 32% از مادران از ارتباط HPV و سرطان آگاهی کامل داشتند.
نتیجهگیری: اگرچه نگرش کلی مثبت است، کمبود آگاهی و موانع ساختاری میتواند پوشش واکسیناسیون را محدود کند. پیشنهاد میشود برنامههای آموزشی برای مادران و تسهیل دسترسی به واکسن در اولویت سیاستگذاریهای بهداشتی قرار گیرد. این مطالعه بر اهمیت نقش مادران در پیشگیری از سرطان دهانه رحم تأکید دارد.
- واکسنHPV ، نگرش مادران، سرطان دهانه رحم، ویروس پاپیلومای انسانی
ارجاع به مقاله
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