بررسی فراوانی بیماریهای شغلی و غیرشغلی در سال 1402: مرور پروندههای طب کار در صنایع منتخب
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی بهداشت در عرصه,
دوره 13 شماره 1 (1404),
1 اکتبر 2025
,
صفحه 22-29
https://doi.org/10.22037/jhf.v13i1.47310
چکیده
زمینه و اهداف: بیماریهای شغلی ناشی از شرایط کاری و فعالیتهای حرفهای هستند، در حالی که بیماریهای غیر شغلی تحت تأثیر عوامل خارج از محیط کار ایجاد میشوند. این مقاله پروندههای طب کار کارگران صنعتی را بررسی کرده و به تحلیل فراوانی بیماریهای شغلی و غیر شغلی پرداخته است.
مواد و روشها: این مطالعه توصیفی مقطعی که در سال ۱۴۰۲ انجام شد، پروندههای طب کار 6953 کارگر از ۷ صنعت بزرگ را بررسی کرد. تمامی اطلاعات شخصی شرکتکنندگان کاملاً محرمانه بوده و مطابق با استانداردهای اخلاقی حفظ شده است. تمامی پروندههای شاغلان این صنایع بهصورت سرشماری ارزیابی شدند تا بیماریهای موجود شناسایی و تحلیل شوند. نتایج این بررسی با استفاده از نسخه ۲۲ نرمافزار SPSS و شاخصهای آمار توصیفی تجزیه و تحلیل گردیدند. کلیه ملاحظات اخلاقی در ارتباط با انجام پژوهش رعایت شده است.
یافتهها: بر اساس اطلاعات جمعآوری شده، کاهش شنوایی (37/01 درصد) شایعترین بیماری شغلی کارکنان بوده و پس از آن کمردرد (10/89درصد) قرار دارد. در میان بیماریهای غیر شغلی، چربی خون بالا (21/3 درصد) و فشار خون بالا (8/21 درصد) بیشترین شیوع را دارند. آسم شغلی (0/37 درصد) کمترین فراوانی را در میان بیماریهای شغلی داشته و غلظت خون بالا( 1/1 درصد) کمترین شیوع را میان بیماریهای غیر شغلی دارد. ابتلا به بیماریهای عمومی غیر شغلی (51/20 درصد) بیشتر از بیماریهای شغلی (۴۸ درصد) بوده است.
نتیجهگیری: یافتههای این مطالعه نشان داد که کاهش شنوایی و کمردرد بهعنوان بیماریهای شغلی، و چربی خون بالا و فشار خون بالا بهعنوان بیماریهای غیرشغلی، با شیوع بالا سلامت کارگران صنعتی را تهدید میکنند. این نتایج زنگ هشدار جدی برای صنایع در زمینه بهداشت شغلی هستند.بنابراین اجرای سیاستهای هدفمند پایش سلامت و مداخلات پیشگیرانه در محیطهای کاری امری ضروری است.
- بیماری شغلی
- بیماری غیر شغلی
- صنعت
- طب کار
ارجاع به مقاله
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- چکیده مشاهده شده: 64 بار