برآورد ریسک سرطانزایی دستگاه تنفس توسط ذرات معلق با قطر آئرودینامیکی کمتر از 2/5 میکرون (PM2.5) در مناطق مختلف شهر تهران در دهه 90
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی بهداشت در عرصه,
دوره 11 شماره 4 (1402),
5 ژوئن 2024
,
صفحه 1-9
https://doi.org/10.22037/jhf.v11i4.43891
چکیده
زمینه و اهداف: يكي از آلایندههای هوا، ذرات معلق هستند؛ که مواجهه با آنها طیف وسیعی از اثرات بهداشتی را به دنبال دارد. هدف مطالعه حاضر، بررسی میزان ریسک سرطانزایی دستگاه تنفس توسط ذرات معلق با قطرآئرودینامیکی کمتر از2/5 میکرون(PM2.5) در مناطق مختلف شهر تهران در دهه 90 بود.
مواد و روشها: اطلاعات مربوط به غلظت ذرات معلق (PM2.5) از 24 ایستگاه سنجش کنترل کیفیت هوای تهران احصاء گردید. اطلاعات مربوط به میزان بروز سرطان دستگاه تنفس نیز از گزارش کشوری برنامه ملی ثبت سرطان استخراج شد و دادههای مربوط به جمعیت در 22 منطقه شهر تهران در طی سالهای مورد مطالعه از مرکز آمار ایران تهیه گردید. رعایت ملاحظات اخلاقی در تمام مراحل اجرای مطالعه درنظر گرفته شد.
یافتهها: نتایج مطالعه انجام شده نشان داد میانگین غلظت سالیانه (PM2.5) در 22 منطقه کلانشهر تهران در طی سالهای مورد مطالعه از استانداردهای سازمان جهانی بهداشت و همچنین استاندارد کشوری تجاوز کرده است. بیشترین سهم قابل انتساب بروز سرطان دستگاه تنفس به دلیل ذرات معلق (PM2.5) مربوط به سال 1390 (0/18) بوده، منطقه 19 شهرداری تهران در بین سایر مناطق بیشترین ریسک مذکور را دارا است (0/19)؛ در سال 1396 بیشترین بروز سرطان دستگاه تنفس منتسب به ذرات معلق (PM2.5) در تهران دیده شده است (152) که بیشترین مورد آن مربوط به منطقه 4 شهرداری تهران است (13).
نتیجهگیری: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که افزایش غلظت ذرات معلق با قطر آئرودینامیکی کمتر از 2/5 میکرون و تراکم جمعیت در مناطق آلوده سبب افزایش میزان ریسک سرطان دستگاه تنفس میگردد.
- ارزیابی ریسک، سرطانزایی، ذرات معلق، تهران
ارجاع به مقاله
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