بررسي ميزان تاثير مداخله مبتني بر سازههاي الگوي اعتقاد بهداشتي در خصوص HIV/AIDS در زنان مراجعه كننده به مراكز بهداشتي درماني دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شهيد بهشتي
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی بهداشت در عرصه,
دوره 9 شماره 4 (1400),
31 بهمن 2024
,
صفحه 10-18
https://doi.org/10.22037/jhf.v9i4.36054
چکیده
زمينه و اهداف: با توجه به اهمیت آموزش در پیشگیری از ابتلا به ایدز، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر مداخله مبتنی بر الگوی اعتقاد بهداشتی بر رفتارهای پیشگیریکننده از ایدز در میان زنان شهر تهران انجام شد.
مواد و روشها: این مطالعه نيمه تجربي در سال 1399 روی 100 نفر (دو گروه 50 نفره) از زنان که با روش نمونهگیري در دسترس انتخاب شدند، انجام شد. دادهها در دو مرحله (قبل و دو ماه بعد از مداخله) با استفاده از پرسشنامه مبتنی بر سازههای مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی جمعآوری گردید. براساس نتایج پیشآزمون، مداخله آموزشی طراحی و در 5 جلسه 1 ساعته برای گروه مداخله اجرا شد. دادهها با آزمونهای آماری کای اسکوائر، تیمستقل و تیزوجی در نرمافزار SPSS- 23 تحلیل شدند. در تمام مراحل، ملاحظات اخلاقی مد نظر قرار گرفت.
يافتهها: متغیرهای جمعیت شناختی بین دو گروه کنترل و مداخله تفاوت معناداری نداشتند (p>0.05). قبل از مداخله سازههای مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی دو گروه تفاوت معناداری نداشتند (p>0.05)، اما پس از مداخله نمرات سازههای آگاهی (p=0.001)، حساسیت درکشده (p=0.02)، شدت درکشده (p=0.012)، منافع درکشده (p=0.03) و خودکارآمدی (p=0.001) در گروه مداخله افزایش و نمرات موانع درکشده (p=0.05) کاهش یافت، در حالیکه در گروه کنترل پس از مداخله نمرات هیچکدام از سازهها تفاوت معناداری پیدا نکرد (p>0.05).
نتيجهگيري: با افزایش آگاهی و حساسیت زنان نسبت به ایدز و شناخت موانع و منافع رفتارهای پیشگیری کننده، ضمن تلاش برای افزایش خودکارامدی، به این نتیجه میرسند که با انجام رفتارهای سالم و پیشگیری، از ابتلا به ایدز، حافظ سلامت خود باشند.
- ویروس ایدز، عفونت اچآیوی، مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی، مداخله
ارجاع به مقاله
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