تعیین کارکردهای اوقات فراغت در نوجوانان و جوانان و تاثیر عوامل روانشناختی بر آن
سلامت اجتماعی,
دوره 7 شماره 4,
22 November 2020
,
صفحه 430-445
https://doi.org/10.22037/ch.v7i4.31212
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: مزایای فعالیت های روان شناختی به اندازه فعالیت های فیزیکی در اوقات فراغت مهم هستند. هدف این پژوهش تعیین و شناخت کارکردهای اوقات فراغت و تأثیر عوامل روان شناختی بر این کارکردها در نوجوانان و جوانان بود.
روش و مواد: مطالعه از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی است، که در آن برای تعیین و شناخت متغیرهای دخیل در پژوهش از روش دلفی فازی استفاده شد. جامعه آماری کلیه نوجوانان 13تا 21 سال استان تهران بودند که 305 نفر از آنها به روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای چند مرحله ای، انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده ها، پرسشنامه های استاندارد شامل معنا در زندگی، اختلال اضطراب فراگیر، هوش هیجانی، گشودگی به تجربه، فراهیجان، سلامت جسمانی، نیاز به تفریح، شادکامی و کار داوطلبانه و پرسشنامه های محقق ساخته شامل شناخت علائق شخصی، آرامش و شکوفایی استعداد بود. داده ها با نرم افزار SmartPLS و با روش مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته ها: عوامل روان شناختی با میانگین (انحراف معیار) (2/0) 1/2 موجب بهبود کارکردهای اوقات فراغت با میانگین (انحراف معیار) (4/0) 7/2 شدند (01/0>P). متغیرهای عوامل روان شناختی شامل اضطراب با میانگین (انحراف معیار) (6/0) 2/1، فراهیجان (4/0) 1/3، گشودگی به تجربه (4/0) 9/1، هوش هیجانی (6/0) 6/2، معنای زندگی (8/0) 5/3 و شناخت علائق شخصی (3/0) 4/0 و کارکردهای اوقات فراغت شامل آرامش با میانگین (انحراف معیار) (4/0) 0/1، کار داوطلبانه (8/0) 3/3، سلامتی (0/1) 5/4، شادکامی (4/0) 0/1، شکوفایی استعداد (5/0) 3/1 و تفریح (6/0) 4/3 با شاخص های خود دارای ارتباط معنی دار در الگو بودند (01/0>P). همچنین بر اساس شاخص (401/0=GOF)، سطح برازش کلی مدل عالی و قابل قبول بود.
نتیجه گیری: مطالعه نشان داد عوامل روان شناختی باعث بهبود کارکردهای اوقات فراغت شدند.
- فراغت، اوقات فراغت، عوامل روانشناختی، تفریح
ارجاع به مقاله
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