بررسي مهمترين عوامل حواسپرتي رانندگي عمدي و حساسيت به حواسپرتي غيرعمدي مرتبط با سوانح ترافيکي در رانندگان
ارتقای ایمنی و پیشگیری از مصدومیت ها,
دوره 7 شماره 1 (2019),
7 تیر 2019
,
صفحه 54 - 44
https://doi.org/10.22037/meipm.v7i1.28547
چکیده
سابقه و هدف:حواسپرتي راننده بهعنوان يک مسئله مهم در ايمني جاده مطرح است که خطر رخداد تصادف وسيله نقليه را افزايش ميدهد. مطالعه حاضر باهدف بررسي مهمترين عوامل حواسپرتي رانندگي عمدي و غيرعمدي مرتبط با سوانح ترافيکي در رانندگان اتوبوسهاي برونشهري انجامگرفت.
روش بررسي: اين مطالعه مقطعي تحليلي، در سال 1397 بر روي 370 نفر از رانندگان اتوبوسهاي مسافربري جادههاي بينشهري کشور انجام گرفت. پرسشنامه 37 سؤالي مورداستفاده، داراي سه بخش شامل رفتار حواسپرتي درگذشته، نگرشها و باورها در مورد حواسپرتي عمدي و حساسيت به حواسپرتي غيرعمدي است. ميانگين و انحراف معيار نمره در هر يک بخشهاي مذکور برآورد گرديد. اختلاف بين گروههاي مختلف متغيرهاي مستقل با نمره حواسپرتي با استفاده از مدل ANOVA موردبررسي قرار گرفت. مهمترين عوامل حواسپرتي عمدي و حواسپرتي غيرعمدي بر اساس ميانگين نمره افراد شناسايي گرديد. براي برآورد اثر عوامل حواسپرتي رانندگي بر تصادفات جادهاي رانندگان اتوبوس از نسبت شانس توسط مدل رگرسيون استفاده گرديد. کليه تجزيهوتحليلهاي آماري در سطح اطمينان 95/0 و با استفاده از نرمافزار آماري STATA ويرايش 14 انجام شد. ملاحظات اخلاقي، انساني و اصول اخلاقي بر اساس بيانيه هلسينکي رعايت گرديد.
يافته ها: ميانگين و انحراف معيار ميانگين نمره رفتار حواسپرتي درگذشته 53/11(23/0)، نمره نگرشها و باورها در مورد حواسپرتي 16/63(75/0)، نمره حساسيت به حواسپرتي غيرعمدي 14(37/0) و نمره کلي حواسپرتي 7/88(99/0) برآورد گرديد. 78/63 درصد رانندگان ازنظر رفتار حواسپرتي رانندگي درگذشته در طبقهبندي حواسپرتي کم قرار گرفتند. عامل حواسپرتي عمدي به ترتيب «دقيق شدن بر روي صحنههاي تصادف رخداده در کنار جاده» و «خواندن تابلوهاي تبليغات و آگهيهاي کنار جاده» با ميانگين به ترتيب 6/2 و 5/2 و عوامل حواسپرتي غيرعمدي «وجود صحنه تصادف برکنار جاده» و «صحبت کردن مسافر با راننده» هر يک با ميانگين 5/2 بهعنوان عوامل مهم حواسپرتي تعيين شدند. بين شدت حواسپرتي حين رانندگي و متغيرهاي سن، وضعيت تأهل، سابقه رانندگي و تعداد سرويس رانندگي در ماه و وضعيت نمره منفي در گواهينامه رانندگي رابطه آماري معنيداري مشاهده شد. شانس تصادفات مرتبط با حوادث ترافيکي در رانندگاني که حين رانندگي مکالمه تلفني بيشتري داشتند 46/0 درصد بيشتر از رانندگاني بود که حين رانندگي، مکالمه تلفني کمتري داشتند.
نتيجهگيري: نتايج مطالعه حاضر حاکي از اهميت تعدادي از عوامل حواسپرتي رانندگان نسبت به ديگر عوامل است. تدوين علمي راهکارهاي پيشگيرانه به کمک يافتههاي تحليلي مطالعات ميتواند گامي مؤثر در جهت کاهش حوادث جادهاي برداشته شود.
How to cite this article:
Shiri P, Soori H, Hashemi Nazari S. Study of Most Important Factors of Voluntary Engagement in Distraction and Susceptibility to Involuntary Distraction Related to Road Traffic Injuries. J Saf Promot Inj Prev. 2019; 7(1): 44-54
- حواسپرتي، سوانح ترافيکي، رانندگي، اتوبوس
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مراجع
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