بررسی روند تغییرات غلظت ذرات معلق و تعیین شاخص کیفیت هوا در شهر کرمانشاه
فصلنامه بهداشت در عرصه,
دوره 2 شماره 1,
,
صفحه 19-28
https://doi.org/10.22037/jhf.v2i1.5633
چکیده
زمينه و هدف: ریزگردها از جمله آلایندههای اصلی هوا میباشند که جزیی از PM10 بوده و میتوانند اثرات سوئی بر سلامت مردم داشته باشند. هدف این مطالعه، تعیین روند تغییرات غلظت ریزگردها در دوره زمانی 92-1384 در شهر کرمانشاه و مقایسه آن با شاخص کیفیت هوا در سال ها، فصول و ماههای مختلف میباشد.
مواد و روشها: در این مطالعه توصیفی-تحلیلی، تعداد 2589 نمونه از ایستگاههای سنجش سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست اخذ و دادهها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSSV.16 آنالیز گردیدند.
يافتهها: درصد فراوانی غلظت ذرات معلق با معیارهای خوب، متوسط، ناسالم برای گروههای حساس، ناسالم، بسیار ناسالم و خطرناک به ترتیب برابر با 16/12%، 36/68% ، 82/12% ، 43/3%، 77/0% و 43/2% بود. حدود 43/19% کل روزهای این دوره وضعیت هوا در شرایط نا سالم با AQI>100 گزارش گردید. بطوریکه روند روزهای خارج از استاندارد، از فصل تابستان تا پاییز کاهشی و از پاییز تا زمستان و بهار افزایشی بود.
نتيجه گيري: این مطالعه نشان داد تغییرات غلظت PM10 در کل دوره فقط از نظر فصل و ماه متفاوت بود. بدترین کیفیت هوا بیشتر در فصل تابستان و تیر ماه اتفاق میافتد. دلیل آن تواتر ورود ریزگردها از کشورهای همسایه، کاهش رطوبت هوا، خشکسالی، استفاده بی رویه از منابع آبی، افزایش دما و سرعت و جهت باد است. با توجه به اثرات سوء ذرات معلق بر سلامتی، آگاهی از روند تغییرات، برنامه ریزی کوتاه مدت، بلند مدت ملی و منطقه ای در جهت رفع مشکل و کاهش اثرات آن ضروری بنظر میرسد.
- ريزگرد، آلودگی هوا، AQI، کرمانشاه
ارجاع به مقاله
مراجع
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