Analysis of the Effect of Registration on Property Ownership from the Perspective of the German Legal System, with an Emphasis on its Legal and Ethical Foundations
Akhlāq-i zīstī i.e., Bioethics Journal,
Vol. 15 No. 40 (1404),
14 July 2025
,
Page 1-17
https://doi.org/10.22037/bioeth.v15i40.45767
Abstract
Background and Aim: Land registration systems in contemporary societies play a pivotal role in ensuring legal and economic security. Among them, the German registration system holds a distinctive position due to its reliance on the constitutive (real) registration approach and is regarded as a model for other jurisdictions. The present study aims to analyze the effect of registration on property ownership within the German legal system and to examine its underlying legal and ethical foundations.
Methods: This research employs a descriptive–analytical method, based on the study of legal documents and statutory provisions, particularly the German Civil Code and the country’s land registration regulations. Data were collected through library research and interpreted using content analysis.
Ethical Considerations: In preparing this article, the principles of research ethics, including academic integrity in citation and preservation of textual authenticity, have been strictly observed.
Results: Under German law, the official registration of real property in the land register constitutes an indispensable condition for the creation and transfer of ownership rights; without it, proprietary rights cannot be established. Beyond securing legal certainty and judicial efficiency by reducing disputes, the German registration system is founded upon ethical principles such as transparency, public trust, justice, and utility.
Conclusion: In German law, through a coherent registration mechanism combined with the constitutive system, the registration of real property and the entry of the owner’s name lead to the transfer of ownership rights and facilitate legal transactions. As the outcome of this study, and in view of the objectives and foundations of legislation in the field of land registration and its necessity for legal security, public morality, and judicial health, it is essential to recognize the constitutive effect of registration and entry into the land register. Undoubtedly, the application of this model in other countries, including Iran, cannot be achieved solely through legislation but requires the establishment of adequate legal, technical, and supervisory infrastructures.
- Land registration
- Ownership
- Germany
- Constitutive effect
- Public morality
- Legal security
How to Cite
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