حقوق کودکان در خانواده در پرتو اسناد حقوق بشر بین المللی
مجله اخلاق زیستی- علمی پژوهشی,
دوره 8 شماره 1 (1397),
2 آبان 2018
,
صفحه 347-362
https://doi.org/10.22037/bioeth.v8i1.32711
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: در راستای تحلیل و بررسی حقوق کودک، مفهوم خانواده و جایگاه آن در نظامهای داخلی کشورها از اهمیت ویژهای برخوردار است. حقوق کودک زیرمجموعه حقوق خانواده است، زیرا رشد و بقا کودکان در ارتباط با اعضای خانواده آنها مورد ارزیابی قرار میگیرد.
مواد و روشها: این تحقیق از نوع نظری بوده، روش تحقیق به صورت توصیفی ـ تحلیلی میباشد و روش جمعآوری اطلاعات به صورت کتابخانهای است و با مراجعه به اسناد، کتب و مقالات صورت گرفته است.
یافته ها: قواعد و قوانین مربوط به حوزه حقوق کودک در محیط خانواده نمود عینی پیدا میکند، بدین جهت است که برای بررسی حقوق کودکان ابتدا باید تعریف جامعی از خانواده و مناسبات کودک با اعضای خانواده ارائه داد. پاسخ به این سؤال که با چه رویکردی باید حقوق و تکالیف خانواده و کودکان را نسبت به یکدیگر تفکیک کرد، در احراز منافع و مصالح کودک نقشی اساسی دارد. همچنین مشخصنمودن حقوق و تکالیف خانوادهها حوزه صلاحیت دولتها نسبت به حقوق خانواده و کودک را تعیین میکند.
ملاحظات اخلاقی: در تمام مراحل نگارش پژوهش حاضر، ضمن رعایت اصالت متون، صداقت و امانتداری رعایت شده است.
نتیجه گیری: در پژوهش حاضر مشاهده خواهد شد که برخی از مصادیق حقوق کودک به واسطه ارتباط نزدیک با مصادیق حقوق بنیادین بشر دارای وصفِ آمره میباشند. در نتیجه دولتها در رویه و مقررات داخلی خود نمیتوانند با توسل به هیچگونه دلیلی از مصادیق مزبور عدول کنند.
- حقوق خانواده؛ حقوق کودک؛ اسناد بینالمللی
ارجاع به مقاله
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