تبیین تجارب پرستاران از صلاحیتهای اخلاقی و بالینی: یک رویکرد پدیدارشناسانه
Akhlāq-i zīstī i.e., Bioethics Journal,
Vol. 8 No. 29 (1397),
3 February 2019
,
Page 31-41
https://doi.org/10.22037/bioeth.v8i29.23623
Abstract
زمینه و هدف: پرستاران بزرگترین گروه کارکنان بهداشتی را تشکیل میدهند. در این میان توجه به صلاحیتهای آنها که تضمین کننده کیفیت خدمات ارائهشده توسط آنها میباشد، از اهمیت ویژهای برخوردار است. از این رو پژوهش حاضر با هدف توصیف و تفسیر تجارب پرستاران در زمینه صلاحیتهای اخلاقی و بالینی آنان انجام شده است.
مواد و روشها: پژوهش حاضر ازنظر رویکرد جزء تحقیقات کیفی و از لحاظ روش، مبتنی بر مطالعات پدیدارشناسانه میباشد. در این راستا پس از نمونهگیری هدفمند، مصاحبههای نیمهساختاریافته با 18 نفر از پرستاران در سال 1397 انجام گرفت، برای کسب اعتبار دادهها از معیارهای Lincoln and Guba استفاده شد. دادهها بر اساس کدگذاری در سه سطح باز، محوری و منتخب مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
یافتهها: صلاحیتهای پرستاران در 3 بُعد، 9 عامل و 22 مقوله؛ شامل بعد اخلاقی (رابطه با بیمار، اصول اجتماعی، تعهد دینی و تعهد حرفهای)، بعد فردی (ویژگیهای شخصیتی، انگیزش و توانایی ادراکی)، بعد تخصصی (دانش علمی و مهارتهای تخصصی) پدیدار شد.
نتیجهگیری: بر اساس نتایج صلاحیتهای مورد نیاز یک پرستار را میتوان در سه بعد فردی، اخلاقی و تخصصی قرار داد. از این رو برنامهریزی آموزشی و مدیریتی برای ارتقای صلاحیتهای اخلاقی و حرفهای پرستاران مطابق با کدهای اخلاق پرستاری، در جهت نهادینهکردن این صلاحیتها توصیه میگردد.
- اخلاق حرفهای؛ صلاحیت بالینی؛ صلاحیت اخلاقی؛ پرستاری؛ پدیدارشناسی
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