Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Glaucium Flavum Extract on A549 Lung Cancer Cells
Archives of Advances in Biosciences,
Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020),
26 September 2020
,
Page 21-29
https://doi.org/10.22037/aab.v11i3.30067
Abstract
Introduction: Glaucium Flavum has recently been studied by researchers and pharmacists and has been attributed to its antioxidant, antiproliferative properties. The alkaloid compounds of this plant are also widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as decongestants and antitussives.
Materials and Methods: In this experiment, first, the cell class (A549) was cultured in DMEM culture medium containing 10% FBS and then treated with different concentrations of Glaucium Flavum. MTT assay was performed to determine IC50 and compare the viability percentage of treated cells with different concentrations of Glaucium Flavum on days 1, 3, and 5. The qRT-PCR test was used to investigate the effects of Glaucium Flavum with IC50 concentration on the induction of apoptosis, and expression of genes including P53, Bax, Bad, and Bcl2. Obtained results were analyzed by SPSS software using ANOVA test.
Results: MTT results showed that Glaucium Flavum causes cell death and reduces the viability of cancer cells, which was observed in the form of cell shrinkage, nucleus shrinkage, and chromatin density and determination of 10 μg/ml concentration as IC50 of A549 cells. An increase in the expression of Bax, P53 and bad apoptotic genes, and a decrease in the expression of the Bcl2 gene also indicate the induction of apoptotic death and the lethal effect of Glaucium Flavum.
Conclusion: Finally, it can be said that Glaucium Flavum, due to its rich content of alkaloid and antioxidant compounds, can be a good option to replace it with chemical drugs in the treatment of lung cancer.
- Glaucium flavum
- lung cancer
- apoptosis
How to Cite
References
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Askarian S , Kazemi Oskuei R . Transfering si RNA to lung cancer using nanoparticles, New
Cell. Mol . Biotechnol. J .vol . 6, no. 21, pp. 9–20,2016.
Zhao Y, Bao Q, Renner A, Camaj P, Eichhorn M, Ischenko I, et al. Cancer stem cells and angiogenesis. Int J Dev Biol 2011; 55:477-82.
Mohamadi T, Hoveizi E. Comparison of anti-proliferative effect of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) hydroalcoholic extract with cyclophosphamide medicine on A459 Cancer Cells. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2018; 25.167.
Zhang X, Zhao J, Gao X, Pei D, Gao C. Anthelmintic drug albendazole arrests human gastric cancer cells at the mitotic phase and induces apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:595-603.
Hecht, F, Pessoa C F, Gentile L B, Rosenthal D, Carvalho D P, Fortunato R S. The role of oxidative stress on breast cancer development and therapy. Tumor biology, 2016. 37(4), 4281-4291.
S. Ni koomanesh and A. Asghari an. I nvest i gat i on of Ant i oxi dant and Cyt ot oxi c
Ef f ect of Et hanol i c Ext ract of Urt i ca di oi ca L. on A549 Cel l Li ne,” NewCel l .
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Darya G, Nowruzi-Asl A, Musavi S, Hashemi F, Khoshvaghti A. Effect of Aqua-Ethanolic Extract of Glaucium Flavum on Diabetic Nephropathy Parameters in Rats. Armaghane danesh. 2019; 24 (2) :21-225.
Scott GAM (1963) Glaucium Flavum Crantz. J Ecol 51(3):743–754.
Chen CH, Liao CH, Chang YL, Guh JH, Pan SL, Teng CM. Protopin, a novel microtubule- stabilizing agent. Causes mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death in human hormone- refractory prostat cancer cell lines. Cancer Letters .2012; 315, 1- 11.
M.C Chang, CP Chan, YJ Wang and et al., “Induction of necrosis and apoptosis to KB cancer cells by sanguinarine is associated with reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane depolarization,” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 2007; vol. 218, pp. 143–151.
Boulaaba,M, Kalai, F Z, Dakhlaoui S, Ezzine Y, Selmi S, Bourgou S, Ksouri R. (2019). Antioxidant, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of Glaucium Flavum fractions enriched in phenolic compounds. Medicinal Chemistry Research.2019; 1-7.
García-Lafuente A, Guillamón E, Villares A, Rostagno MA, Martínez JA. Flavonoids as anti-inflammatory agents: implications in cancer and cardiovascular disease. Inflammation Research. 2009;58(9):537-52.
Ahmad N, Gupta S, Husain M M, Heiskanen K M, Mukhtar H. Differential antiprolifrative and apoptotic response of sanguinarin for cancer cells versus normall cells. Clinical cancer Reaserch 6. 2000. 1524-1528.
Chmura S J, Dolan ME, Cha A, Mauceri H J, Kufe D W, Weichselbaum R R. In vitro and in vivo activity of protein Kinase C inhibitor growth delay in vivo chlerythrine chloride induced tumor cell toxicity and growth delay in vivo. Clinical cancer Reaserch 6. 2000. 737-742.
Semnani KM, S M. Alkaloids of the aerial parts of Glaucium grandiflorum Boiss & huet population Sorkhe Hesar. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2001; 30: 3137.
Dai J, Mumper RJ. Plant phenolics: extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anticancer properties. Molecules 2010; 15(10): 7313v-52.
Fesik, S W. Promoting apoptosis as a strategy for cancer drug discovery. Nature Reviews Cancer. 2005; 5(11), p.876.
Subchareon P. Handbook of Anticancer: Thai Traditional Medicine: New Concept for Treated Cancer. Thai Traditional Medicine Institute, Bangkok; 1998.P. 3.
Ljubuncic P, Dakwar S, Portnaya I, Cogan U, Azaizeh H, Bomzon A. Aqueous extracts of Teucriumpolium possess remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro. Evid Bas Complement Alternat Med 2006; 3: 329-8.
Bournine L, Bensalem S, Peixoto P, Gonzalez A, Maiza-Benabdesselam F, Bedjou F, et al. Revealing the anti-tumoral effect of Algerian Glaucium Flavum roots against human cancer cells. Phytomedicine. 2013; 20(13):1211-8.
Hoveizi. E, Kalantari, M, and Hushmandi K. Comparison of Toxic Effects of Glaucium Flavum Hydroalcoholic Extract on glioblastoma cell line (C118) and neuronal neurosphere (NCs)." Armaghane danesh.2020; 24(6):1066-1073.
M.C. Chang, CP Chan, YJ Wang and et al., “Induction of necrosis and apoptosis to KB cancer cells by sanguinarine is associated with reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane depolarization,” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 2007; vol. 218, pp. 143–151.
Bibby, M C, Holwell S E, Thompson M J, Pettit G R. (, November). Preclinical activity of the novel anti-vascular agent, pancratistatin phosphate. In CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH. 2000; (Vol. 6, pp. 4522S-4522S). PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA: AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH.
Spasova M, Philipov S , Nikolaeva-Glomb L, Galabov AS, & Milkova T. Cinnamoyl-and hydroxycinnamoyl amides of glaucine and their antioxidative and antiviral activities. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry. 2008; 16(15), 7457-7461
Chen CH, Liao CH, Chang YL, Guh JH, Pan SL, Teng CM. Protopin, a novel microtubule- stabilizing agent. Causes mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death in human hormone- refractory prostat cancer cell lines. Cancer Letters .2012; 315, 1- 11.
Boulaaba M, Kalai F Z, Dakhlaoui S, Ezzine Y, Selmi S, Bourgou S, Ksouri R. Antioxidant, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of Glaucium Flavum fractions enriched in phenolic compounds. Medicinal Chemistry Research.2019; 28(11), 1995-2001.
Aiyer HS, Warri AM, Woode DR, Hilakivi-Clarke L, Clarke R (2012) Influence of berry polyphenols on receptor signaling and celldeath pathways: implications for breast cancer prevention. J Agric Food Chem 60(23):5693–5708.
Li W, Du B, Wang T, Wang S, Zhang J Kaempferol induces apoptosis in human HCT116 colon cancer cells via the ataxiatelangiectasia mutated-p53 pathway with the involvement of p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis. Chem Biol Inter. 2009; 177:121–127.
Silva A F S, De Andrade J P, Machado K R B, Rocha A B, Apel M A, Sobral M E G, Zuanazzi, J A S. Screening for cytotoxic activity of extracts and isolated alkaloids from bulbs of Hippeastrum vittatum. Phytomedicine. 2008; 15(10), 882-885.
Williams GH , Stoeber K. The cell cycle and cancer. The journal of Pathology. 2012; 226, 352-364.
Ulusoy S, Bosgelmez-Tinaz G, SecilmisCanbay H. Tocopherol carotene, phenolic contents and antibacterial properties of rose essential oil, hydrosol and absolute. Current microbiology. 2009; 59:554-558.
Travis WD, Brambilla E, Nicholson AG, Yatabe Y, and B.M. Austin JH, The 2015 world healthorganization classification of lung tumors. J Thorac Oncol; 2015. 10:1243- 1261.
Askarian S , Kazemi Oskuei R . Transfering si RNA to lung cancer using nanoparticles, New
Cell. Mol . Biotechnol. J .vol . 6, no. 21, pp. 9–20,2016.
Zhao Y, Bao Q, Renner A, Camaj P, Eichhorn M, Ischenko I, et al. Cancer stem cells and angiogenesis. Int J Dev Biol 2011; 55:477-82.
Mohamadi T, Hoveizi E. Comparison of anti-proliferative effect of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) hydroalcoholic extract with cyclophosphamide medicine on A459 Cancer Cells. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2018; 25.167.
Zhang X, Zhao J, Gao X, Pei D, Gao C. Anthelmintic drug albendazole arrests human gastric cancer cells at the mitotic phase and induces apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:595-603.
Hecht, F, Pessoa C F, Gentile L B, Rosenthal D, Carvalho D P, Fortunato R S. The role of oxidative stress on breast cancer development and therapy. Tumor biology, 2016. 37(4), 4281-4291.
S. Ni koomanesh and A. Asghari an. I nvest i gat i on of Ant i oxi dant and Cyt ot oxi c
Ef f ect of Et hanol i c Ext ract of Urt i ca di oi ca L. on A549 Cel l Li ne,” NewCel l .
Mol . Bi ot echnol . J ., vol . 7, no. 26, pp. 27–34, 2017.
Darya G, Nowruzi-Asl A, Musavi S, Hashemi F, Khoshvaghti A. Effect of Aqua-Ethanolic Extract of Glaucium Flavum on Diabetic Nephropathy Parameters in Rats. Armaghane danesh. 2019; 24 (2) :21-225.
Scott GAM (1963) Glaucium Flavum Crantz. J Ecol 51(3):743–754.
Chen CH, Liao CH, Chang YL, Guh JH, Pan SL, Teng CM. Protopin, a novel microtubule- stabilizing agent. Causes mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death in human hormone- refractory prostat cancer cell lines. Cancer Letters .2012; 315, 1- 11.
M.C Chang, CP Chan, YJ Wang and et al., “Induction of necrosis and apoptosis to KB cancer cells by sanguinarine is associated with reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane depolarization,” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 2007; vol. 218, pp. 143–151.
Boulaaba,M, Kalai, F Z, Dakhlaoui S, Ezzine Y, Selmi S, Bourgou S, Ksouri R. (2019). Antioxidant, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of Glaucium Flavum fractions enriched in phenolic compounds. Medicinal Chemistry Research.2019; 1-7.
García-Lafuente A, Guillamón E, Villares A, Rostagno MA, Martínez JA. Flavonoids as anti-inflammatory agents: implications in cancer and cardiovascular disease. Inflammation Research. 2009;58(9):537-52.
Ahmad N, Gupta S, Husain M M, Heiskanen K M, Mukhtar H. Differential antiprolifrative and apoptotic response of sanguinarin for cancer cells versus normall cells. Clinical cancer Reaserch 6. 2000. 1524-1528.
Chmura S J, Dolan ME, Cha A, Mauceri H J, Kufe D W, Weichselbaum R R. In vitro and in vivo activity of protein Kinase C inhibitor growth delay in vivo chlerythrine chloride induced tumor cell toxicity and growth delay in vivo. Clinical cancer Reaserch 6. 2000. 737-742.
Semnani KM, S M. Alkaloids of the aerial parts of Glaucium grandiflorum Boiss & huet population Sorkhe Hesar. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2001; 30: 3137.
Dai J, Mumper RJ. Plant phenolics: extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anticancer properties. Molecules 2010; 15(10): 7313v-52.
Fesik, S W. Promoting apoptosis as a strategy for cancer drug discovery. Nature Reviews Cancer. 2005; 5(11), p.876.
Subchareon P. Handbook of Anticancer: Thai Traditional Medicine: New Concept for Treated Cancer. Thai Traditional Medicine Institute, Bangkok; 1998.P. 3.
Ljubuncic P, Dakwar S, Portnaya I, Cogan U, Azaizeh H, Bomzon A. Aqueous extracts of Teucriumpolium possess remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro. Evid Bas Complement Alternat Med 2006; 3: 329-8.
Bournine L, Bensalem S, Peixoto P, Gonzalez A, Maiza-Benabdesselam F, Bedjou F, et al. Revealing the anti-tumoral effect of Algerian Glaucium Flavum roots against human cancer cells. Phytomedicine. 2013; 20(13):1211-8.
Hoveizi. E, Kalantari, M, and Hushmandi K. Comparison of Toxic Effects of Glaucium Flavum Hydroalcoholic Extract on glioblastoma cell line (C118) and neuronal neurosphere (NCs)." Armaghane danesh.2020; 24(6):1066-1073.
M.C. Chang, CP Chan, YJ Wang and et al., “Induction of necrosis and apoptosis to KB cancer cells by sanguinarine is associated with reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane depolarization,” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 2007; vol. 218, pp. 143–151.
Bibby, M C, Holwell S E, Thompson M J, Pettit G R. (, November). Preclinical activity of the novel anti-vascular agent, pancratistatin phosphate. In CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH. 2000; (Vol. 6, pp. 4522S-4522S). PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA: AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH.
Spasova M, Philipov S , Nikolaeva-Glomb L, Galabov AS, & Milkova T. Cinnamoyl-and hydroxycinnamoyl amides of glaucine and their antioxidative and antiviral activities. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry. 2008; 16(15), 7457-7461
Chen CH, Liao CH, Chang YL, Guh JH, Pan SL, Teng CM. Protopin, a novel microtubule- stabilizing agent. Causes mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death in human hormone- refractory prostat cancer cell lines. Cancer Letters .2012; 315, 1- 11.
Boulaaba M, Kalai F Z, Dakhlaoui S, Ezzine Y, Selmi S, Bourgou S, Ksouri R. Antioxidant, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of Glaucium Flavum fractions enriched in phenolic compounds. Medicinal Chemistry Research.2019; 28(11), 1995-2001.
Aiyer HS, Warri AM, Woode DR, Hilakivi-Clarke L, Clarke R (2012) Influence of berry polyphenols on receptor signaling and celldeath pathways: implications for breast cancer prevention. J Agric Food Chem 60(23):5693–5708.
Li W, Du B, Wang T, Wang S, Zhang J Kaempferol induces apoptosis in human HCT116 colon cancer cells via the ataxiatelangiectasia mutated-p53 pathway with the involvement of p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis. Chem Biol Inter. 2009; 177:121–127.
Silva A F S, De Andrade J P, Machado K R B, Rocha A B, Apel M A, Sobral M E G, Zuanazzi, J A S. Screening for cytotoxic activity of extracts and isolated alkaloids from bulbs of Hippeastrum vittatum. Phytomedicine. 2008; 15(10), 882-885.
Williams GH , Stoeber K. The cell cycle and cancer. The journal of Pathology. 2012; 226, 352-364.
Ulusoy S, Bosgelmez-Tinaz G, SecilmisCanbay H. Tocopherol carotene, phenolic contents and antibacterial properties of rose essential oil, hydrosol and absolute. Current microbiology. 2009; 59:554-558.
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