Determining the Reasons Behind Women’s Vulnerability During Disasters: A Qualitative Study
Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat (Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention),
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017),
1 July 2017
,
Page 58 - 51
https://doi.org/10.22037/meipm.v5i1.17667
Abstract
Background and Objectives:According the publishled of manuscripts, women have been one of greatest victims of disasters. Due to the importance of the prevention, recognition of vulnerable groups and their empowerment how to deal with disasters, the objective of this study was to recognize the need of wemen in diseaster situations in from the psychological point of view.
Materials and Methods: A qualitative study, through semi-structured interviews by 33 experts in the various fields of psychology, psychiatry, psychiatric Nursing, social care and welfare, social medicine and gender studies and experts in disasters, was conducted. Snowball Sampling in the provinces of Tehran, Isfahan and Mashhad in year (2016) was conducted. In order to achieve sample transferring capability, samples with maximum variety were selected. Also, to ensure reliability and verifiability of interviews, transcripts and codes were presented to each participant. The gathered data was analyzed using content analysis method. The ethical considerations for qualitative studies were observed in this study.
Results: The results of this study determined 4 main codes and 30 sub-codes for psychological reasons behind women’s vulnerability during disasters. The sub themes related to opinions of women being vulnerable included physiological reasons (hormonal factors, emotional factors and lower physical capabilities), social reasons (weaker social roles, lower social support, incorrect beliefs and social roles, conflict between tradition and modernity, Patriarchal culture, lower social, economic and literacy status, religious beliefs and policies and laws) and psychological reasons (mental disorders, emotions and maternal instincts).
Conclusion: Most interviewees believed that the reason behind women’s vulnerability during disaster depends on psychological and other social and biological factors.
How to cite this article: Shooshtari Sh, Abedi MR, Bahrami M, Samouei R. Determining the Reasons Behind Women’s Vulnerability During Disasters: A Qualitative Study. J Saf Promot Inj Prev. 2017; 5(1):51-58 .
- Disasters, Women, Vulnerability, Qualitative Study
How to Cite
References
References
Morrow BH. Identifying and mapping community vulnerability. Disasters. 1999 Mar 1;23(1):1-8.
Neumayer E, Plümper T. The gendered nature of natural disasters: The impact of catastrophic events on the gender gap in life expectancy, 1981–2002. Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 2007;97(3):551-66. [Scopus]
Abdullah HJ, Fofana-Ibrahim A. The Meaning and Practice of Women’s Empowerment in Post-conflict Sierra Leone. Development. 2010 1;53(2):259-66. [Scopus]
Hines RI. Natural disasters and gender inequalities: The 2004 tsunami and the case of India. Race, Gender & Class. 2007;14:60-8.
Izadkhah Y. Women And Natural Hazards: Vulnerable In Disasters Or Capable Of Disaster Management. Journal Of Rescue & Relief. 2010;2(2):71-80.
MacDonald R. How women were affected by the tsunami: A perspective from Oxfam. PLoS Med. 2005;2(6):e178. [Pubmed]
Alfoneh A. Iran Unveiled: How the revolutionary guards is transforming iran from theocracy into military dictatorship. AEI Press; 2013.
Smith K. Environmental hazards: assessing risk and reducing disaster: Routledge; 2013.
Fothergill A. Gender, risk, and disaster. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters. 1996;14(1):33-56.
McGinn T, Bhabha J, Garfield R, Johnson K, Luchsinger G, Oddy L, et al. State of world population 2015. Shelter from the storm. A transformative agenda for women and girls in a crisis-prone world. 2015.
Ardalan A, Babaie J, Azam Sm, Ronaghi M, Mehdizadeh K, Hamidirad H, Et Al. Response Of Public Health System To 5 December 2012 South Khorasan Earthquake: A Case Study. Journal Of Rescue & Relief. 2014;6(2).
Izadkhah Y. Women And Natural Hazards: Vulnerable In Disasters Or Capable Of Disaster Management. Journal Of Rescue & Relief 2010;2(2):71-80.
Heir T, Weisaeth L. Acute disaster exposure and mental health complaints of Norwegian tsunami survivors six months post disaster. Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes. 2008;71(3):266-76. [Pubmed]
Wickrama K, Kaspar V. Family context of mental health risk in Tsunami-exposed adolescents: Findings from a pilot study in Sri Lanka. Social Science & Medicine. 2007;64(3):713-23. [Pubmed]
Jones EC, Tobin G, McCarty C, Whiteford L, Murphy A, Faas A, et al. Articulation of personal network structure with gendered well-being in disaster and relocation settings. Issues of Gender and Sexual Orientation in Humanitarian Emergencies: Springer; 2014. p. 19-31.
Maheen H, Hoban E. Rural Women’s Experience of Living and Giving Birth in Relief Camps in Pakistan. PLoS currents. 2017;9. [pubmed]
ISDR U, editor Hyogo framework for action 2005-2015: building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters. Extract from the final report of the World Conference on Disaster Reduction (A/CONF 206/6); 2005.
Samouei R, Abedi MR, Ferdosi M. The absence of positive psychology in disasters. International Journal of Health System and Disaster Management. 2014;2(4):241-5.
Enarson E. Gendering disaster risk reduction: 57 steps from words to action. Women, Gender and Disaster: Global Issues and Initiatives, edited by E Enarson and PGD Chakrabarti. 2009:320-36.
Shultz JM, Neria Y, Allen A, Espinel Z. Psychological impacts of natural disasters. Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards: Springer; 2013. p. 779-91.
Finlay CC, Hearn Morrow B. The gendered terrain of disaster: Through women’s eyes. The gendered terrain of disaster: Through women’s eyes: International Hurricane Center. Laboratory for Social and Behavioral Research; 1998. p. 143-9.
Keyvanara M, Tavakoli N, Samouei R, Tavakoli F. Relationship between Social Capital and Mental Health. Journal of Health Information Management. 2013;9(Suppl 7):1058-65.
- Abstract Viewed: 698 times
- PDF (فارسی) Downloaded: 300 times