آسيب شناسي خطاي انساني و تعيين نقش سبک هاي تصميم گيري و حجم بار ذهني کارکنان
ارتقای ایمنی و پیشگیری از مصدومیت ها,
دوره 9 شماره 2 (2021),
8 شهریور 2021
,
صفحه 111 - 102
https://doi.org/10.22037/iipm.v9i2.32098
چکیده
سابقه و هدف: خطای انسانی یکی از علل اصلی حوادث شغلی است. پژوهش پیش رو با هدف آسیبشناسی خطای انسانی و تعیین نقش سبکهای تصمیمگیری و حجم بار ذهنی کارکنان اجراشد.
روش بررسی: پژوهش به روش کیفی، ۲۸ سرپرست از جامعه ۱۹۹۶ نفری صنعت فولاد در سال 1398 و چهار عضو هیئتعلمی روانشناسی صنعتی و سازمانی دانشگاه اصفهان مورد مصاحبه قرار داد. گام دوم به روش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی چندگانه بود. حجم نمونه (123 نفر) با استفاده از فرمول تباچینگ و فیدل (2007) و نمونهگیری به روش تصادفی در دسترس انجام شد. بهمنظور رعایت اصول اخلاقی، شرکت در پژوهش، داوطلبانه بود. دادهها از طریق ابزار شناسایی علل بروز خطای انسانی (محقق ساخته)، پرسشنامه سبکهای تصمیمگیری اسکات و بروس (۱۹۹۵) و شاخص بار ذهنی ناسا تی ال ایکس (۱۹۸۶) جمعآوری شدند. تحلیل استنباطی دادهها به روش مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری با رویکرد حداقل مربعات جزئی به کمک نرمافزار آماری Smart PLS (V2) و تحلیل توصیفی به کمک نرمافزار آماری SPSS نسخه 25 انجام شد.
یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد، شاخص روایی محتوای پرسشنامه علل بروز خطای انسانی 0/82 و نسبت روایی محتوای آن برابر با 0/76 (بیش از حداقل قابلقبول) بود. ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تمام سؤالات بالاتر از 75% به دست آمد. عوامل سازمانی پیشبین عوامل انسانی است (T = 25/86 , R2= 84/9)
رابطه مستقیم سبک تصمیمگیری و عوامل انسانی رد شد ( T= 1/91 ) ؛ اما عوامل سازمانی بهعنوان میانجی این رابطه را تعدیل و نقش دو سبک اجتنابی ( T= 7/00) و آنی ( T=4/14) را بر عوامل انسانی مشخص نمود ( R2= 0/288 , T = 4/99). عوامل سازمانی همچنین بهعنوان میانجی رابطه حجم بار ذهنی و عوامل انسانی را که بهطور مستقیم معنادار نشد (T = 0/74)، تعدیل نمود ( R2 = 0/287 , T = 4/67).
نتیجهگیری: تحلیل دقیق حوادث بهمنظور ارتقاء ایمنی محیطهای کاری با در نظر داشتن روابط درهمتنیده عوامل انسانی و سازمانی امکانپذیر است.
How to cite this article: Mohseni A, Samavatian H, Nouri A, Moghimi M. Pathology of Human Error and Specifying the Role of Decision-Making Styles and Mental Workload of the Employees. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2021;9(2):102-11.
- خطای انسانی
- سبک تصمیم گیری
- حجم بار ذهنی
- صنعت فولاد
ارجاع به مقاله
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