A study of the Healthcare in Tabriz during Safavid period (907-1148 AH)
Tārīkh-i pizishkī i.e., Medical History,
Vol. 13 No. 46 (1400),
7 February 2021
,
Page 1-13
https://doi.org/10.22037/mhj.v13i46.34588
Abstract
Background and Aim: Tabriz is considered among one of the cities that had great political and economic importance during the Safavid period. However, having had such an importance, the favorable weather conditions and preventive measures in the field of urban health, there were several also problems. Despite the presence of skilled physicians and the construction of several hospitals, due to lack of serious evolution in the field of healthcare and the prevalence of infectious diseases, there wasn’t any good health care condition.
Materials and Methods: The main materials of the present study are information and data from historical sources, travelogues as well as medical thesis of the Safavid period. Along with them, new research in the field of health and medicine of the Safavid period were used. The method applied in this research is descriptive-analytical; besides, the research was carried out based on data collection by library research method.
Findings: According to the available information, it appears that despite the favorable weather conditions, the lack of the problem of water shortage and pollutants; being influenced by various factors such as wars and the prevalence of infectious diseases, regardless of transforming the hospitals into hospices, the continuation of science and treatment methods weren’t favorable.
Ethical Considerations: During this reaserc process, while referring to the mentioned context, not only has it been tried that the principle of fidelity and loyalty as well as originality of resources to be taken in account, but it alsohas been tried to avoid bias in referring to the texts or analyzes.
Conclusion: In the present paper, first the factors affecting the environmental health are studied and then physicians and medical centers are examined; furthermore, the positive and negative factors affecting the healthcare of Tabriz are studied and analyzed in the interval between the rise and fall of Safavid.
Cite this article as: Rezaei M. A study of the Healthcare in Tabriz during Safavid period (907-1148 AH). Medical History Journal 2021; 13(46): e16.
- Disease Prevention; Hospital; Infectious Diseases; Medicine; Urban Health
How to Cite
References
Algood CL. Safavid medical practice. Tehran: Tehran University; 1987. (Persian).
Mehmannavaz M. Investigating the Place of Superstitious Methods and Beliefs in Safavid Medicine. Medical History. 2020;44(12):1-15. (Persian).
Kafieh R, Rashidi R. The greatest Iranian University Complex (8th A.D./13th C.E.). Medical History. 2016;1(1):131-45. (Persian).
Gorbannejad P, Ayyari M. The survey of medical scribes in the "Safinehy e Tabriz". Medical History. 2018;32(9):19-29. (Persian).
Fardyar M. The history of Tabriz public hospital (Marizkhaneh) (1326-1333 AH). Medical History. 2017;26(8):193-224. (Persian).
Sabzi Dizaj Yekans S. Tabriz at the time of being Capital. Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University literature and Humanism Sciences Faculty; 2009. (Persian).
Khunjy FR, SulŪk al-MulŪk. Correction of Muwahid MA. Tehran: Kharazmi; 1983. (Persian).
Shardin J. Safarnāmiyi Shārdan. Tehran: Tūs; 1996. (Persian).¬
Olearius A. Travelogue of Adam Olearius. Tehran: Abtikari nw; 2006. (Persian).
Uwlyā chalabī M. Uwlyā chalabī Travelogue: iqdām; 1896. (Turkish).
Dalsendri V, Barbaro J, Contarini A, Zeno K, Anjelo J. Venetian Travelogue in Iran. Tehran: Kharazmi; 2002. (Persian).
Dast amoz MJ, Shaghaghi G. Proper disposal of feces and sewage in general environmental health. Aghazadeh M, editor. Tehran: Center for Environmental and Occupational Health; 2008. (Persian).
Husiny MM. Zinat al-Majālis. Tehran: Sanāiy; 1983. (Persian).
Ibni Karbalāyī HH. Ruzāt al-janān wa janāt al- janān. Tabriz: Sutūdi; 2004. (Persian).
Chavijo RG. Embessy to Tamerlan. Tehran: Scientific and cultural; 1972. (Persian).
Gemli Careri GF. Cirodel Nlonodel dottor. Tabriz: Directorate General of Art and Culture of East Azarbāyjan; 1970. (Persian).
Takander F. Aytrprsykvm. Tehran: Iranian Culture Foundation; 1972. (Persian).
Hashry Tabrizi M. Ruziyi Athar. Tabriz: Sutūdi; 1992. (Persian).
khunjy F. Tarikh alam araya Amyni. Tehran: Myrathi Maktwb; 2003. (Persian).
Walih Qazwini Isfahani MY. Khuld-i Barin. Tehran: Endowof Foundation of maḥmwd Afshar; 1993. (Persian).
Munshi Kazwini B. Djawahir Al-Akhbar. Tehran: Mirathi Maktub; 2000. (Persian).
Qummi A. Khulasat al-Tavarikh. Vol. 1. Tehran: Tehran University; 2004. (Persian).
Bidlysi S. Sharaf- Nami. Tehran: Asatiyr; 1998. (Persian).
Rumlu H. Ahsan al-Tavarykh. Tehran: Asatyr; 2005. (Persian).
Shamlu w. Qisas al-khaqany. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance; 1996. (Persian).
Qummī A. Khulāsat al-Tavārīkh. Vol. 2. Tehran: Tehran University; 2004. (Persian).
Qazwini Y. Lub al- Tawarikh. Tehran: Association of Cultural Works and Honors; 2007. (Persian).
Walih Qazwini Isfahsni MY. Iran during the reign of Shah Safi and Shah Abbasi II. Tehran: Association of Pure and Cultural Honors; 2003. (Persian).
Wahyd Qazwini M. Tarykh-i Jahan-ara-yi Abbasy. Tehran: The Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies; 2004. (Persian).
Husiyni khatunabady H. Waqa al-sinyn wal-wam. Tehran: islamyi; 1974. (Persian).
Dellavalle P. cose e parole nei viaggidi pitro dellavalle. Tehran: Scientific and cultural; 2005. (Persian).
Munsh Turkaman IB. Tārikh-i'ālam-ārā-yi Abbāsī. Afshār I, editor. Vol 1. Tehran: Amīr Kabīr; 2003. (Persian).
Munsh Turkaman IB. Tārikh-i'ālam-ārā-yi Abbāsī. Afshār I, editor. Vol 3. Tehran: Amīr Kabīr; 2003. (Persian).
Babazadi V. Dorland’s Pocket Medical Dictionary. Tehran: Dorland; 2004. (Persian).
Imam Sajad AH. Sahifeh sajādieh. Qom: Religion of Knowledge; 2000. (Persian).
Figueroa DG. Travelogue Dan Garcia DeSilva Figueroa. Tehran: Nashri Nuw; 1984. (Persian).
Bell J. Ajourney from sT. Petersburg in Russia, to Ispahan in Persia. Tabriz: Bāhār dukht; 2020. (Persian).
Ta‘lîkî-zâde MS. Tebrîzi̇yye. Hazırlayan bülent özkuzugüdenli̇, Yüksek lisans tezi. İstanbul: Marmara üni̇versi̇tesi̇sosyal bi̇li̇mler ensti̇tüsü; 2005. (Turkish).
Selâni̇kî m. Tari̇h-i̇ selân i̇ki̇. Hazirlayan mehmeti̇pşi̇rli̇. Ankara: Türk tari̇h kurumu; 1999. (Turkish).
Kamālibn nwr K. Kitābi Tiby. Tehran: Library of Parliament.
Qāṭiʿ qazwyny A. Fawāyid al- afḍalyi. Tehran: Library of Parliament. (Persian).
Tavernier JB. Tavernier Travel. Tehran: Nīlῡfar; 2011. (Persian).
Savory R. Iran under the safavids, ʿzyzy K. Tehran: markaz; 1995. (Persian).
Jafarian R. The Safavids in the Arenas of religion, culture and politics. Qum: Institute of Hawzeh and University; 2000. (Persian).
Roymar HR. The safsvid Period. Tehran: Jami; 2001. (Persian).
Mādal-dyni shyrāzy MM. Risāliyi Afyūnyi. Sādiqpur O, editor. Tehran: al-maʿy; 2009.
Tarbyat MA. Scientists of Azaerbaijan. Tehran: n.pn; n.d. (Persian).
Khabiry M, Ahan sazan R, Ahan sazan H. Iranian Physicians in the Ottman Empire (from the 9 th to 12 th). Journal of Research on History of Medicine. 2018;7(2):97. (Persian).
Sādigy A. Majmʿ al-khawāṣ. Tabriz: Srwsh; 1948. (Persian).
Uwḥady balyāny TM. ʿarafāt al-ʿāshigyn wa ʿaraṣāt al-ʿārifyn. ṣāḥibkāry D, Fakhr ahmad A, editors. Tehran: Myras maktwb; 2010. (Persian).
Naṣrābādy M. Tadhkiriyi Naṣrābādy. Dastgirdy W, editor. Tehran: Arnaghān; 1938. (Persian).
Sammyrza. Tuhfiy Samy. Dastgirdy W, editor. Tehran: Arnaghān; 1935. (Persian).
Floor WM. Hospitals in Iran and India 1500- 1950. Bushehr: Bushehr University of Medical Sciences; 2014. (Persian).
- Abstract Viewed: 413 times
- pdf (فارسی) Downloaded: 288 times