اصول اخلاقی ـ حقوقی دادرسی منصفانه در رسیدگیهای مدنی در حقوق ایران و اتحادیه اروپا
مجله اخلاق زیستی- علمی پژوهشی,
دوره 11 شماره 36 (1400),
17 اوت 2021
,
صفحه 1-22
https://doi.org/10.22037/bioeth.v11i36.35592
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: حق برخورداری از دادرسی منصفانه دربرگیرنده مجموعهای از اصول و قواعد است که جهت رعایت حقوق طرفین در رسیدگی به دعوای آنان طراحی گردیده است. این تضمینات در اسناد بینالمللی حقوق بشر، نظیر اعلامیه جهانی حقوق بشر، میثاق مربوط به حقوق مدنی و سیاسی، کنوانسیون اروپایی حقوق بشر، کنوانسیون آمریکایی حقوق بشر، به عنوان یکی از حقوق بنیادین و اساسی شناختهشده بشر مورد اشاره قرار گرفته است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اصول مزبور در نظام حقوقی ایران و اتحادیه اروپا میباشد.
مواد و روشها: این تحقیق از نوع نظری است؛ روش تحقیق به صورت توصیفی ـ تحلیلی میباشد و روش جمعآوری اطلاعات به صورت کتابخانهای است که با مراجعه به اسناد، کتب و مقالات صورت گرفته است.
ملاحظات اخلاقی: در تمام مراحل نگارش پژوهش حاضر، ضمن رعایت اصالت متون، اصول صداقت و امانتداری رعایت شده است.
یافتهها: یافتههای پژوهش نشان میدهد که اصول بینالمللی دادرسی منصفانه از حیث نظری مورد توجه حقوق ایران و اتحادیه اروپا قرار گرفته است لیکن در صورت اجرای دقیق و قاطعانه در ساحت عمل به تقویت اعتماد عمومی به دادرسی منصفانه و معتمدانه منجر میشود.
نتیجهگیری: اصول دادرسی منصفانه در رسیدگیهای مدنی در حقوق اتحادیه اروپا و حقوق ایران مشترک است، اما در هر دو حقوق ایران و دادگاههای اتحادیه اروپا، اصول دادرسی منصفانه به صراحت دارای ضمانت اجرا نبوده و ضمانت اجراهایی که مطرح میشوند به دلیل پذیرفتهشدن روح اصول دادرسی منصفانه که در قوانین ایران و اتحادیه اروپایی به آن اشاره شده است، میباشد و نه اینکه ضمانت اجرا صراحتاً برای دادرسی منصفانه در نظر گرفته شده باشد.
- اصول دادرسی منصفانه؛ آیین دادرسی مدنی؛ حقوق ایران؛ اتحادیه اروپا
ارجاع به مقاله
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