جايگاه آموزش اخلاق در نظام آموزش پرستاري ايران
مجله اخلاق زیستی- علمی پژوهشی,
دوره 5 شماره 17 (1394),
19 شهریور 2016
,
صفحه 117-146
https://doi.org/10.22037/bioeth.v5i17.13894
چکیده
مقدمه: تقریباً همه رشتههاي مرتبط با سلامتي به خصوص پرستاران روزانه با بسياري از مسائل اخلاقي مواجهند که حل آنها نيازمند برخورداري از توانايي استدلال اخلاقي است. هدف علم اخلاق در حرفه پرستاري بهبود مراقبتهاي پرستاري و ارتقاي سلامت بيماران است. بیتردید آموزش اخلاق در پرستاری در ارتقای کيفيت مراقبت، مهارت حل مشکلات اخلاقي، فرايند تصميمگيری و کسب هويت حرفهای پرستاران نقش به سزایی دارد. این مطالعه مروری با هدف بررسی وضعیت آموزش اخلاق در نظام آموزش پرستاری در ایران انجام شده است.
روش: به منظور یافتن مقالات و منابع مرتبط با آموزش اخلاق در این پژوهش، واژگان کلیدی «اخلاق، آموزش، پرستاری، ایران» و کلمات ترکیبی در پایگاههای اطلاعاتی Magiran، Irandoc، Medline و CINAHL جستجو و انتخاب شدند.
یافتهها: پس از بررسی متون توجه به ضرورت آموزش اخلاق در پرستاري (افزایش توانايي حل معضلات اخلاقي، کسب هويت حرفهای)، چالشهاي آموزش اخلاق (عدم وجود اساتید متبحر در زمینه آموزش، حذف واحد درسی اخلاق در پرستاری و...)، عوامل مؤثر بر آموزش اخلاق حرفهای (ويژگيهاي شخصيتي، ارزشها و کمبود آگاهي از کدهاي اخلاق حرفهاي)، و شیوههای آموزش اخلاق (پرورش تفکر انتقادي، آموزش بين رشتهای، بحث گروهي و استفاده از مدلهاي تصميمگيری اخلاقي و...) در نظام آموزش پرستاری در ایران ضروری است.
بحث و نتیجهگیری: لزوم اولويت اخلاق با توجه به تغييرات سريع اقتصادي و اجتماعي و تغييرات شگرف در حرفه پرستاري بيش از پيش مورد توجه است که اين عوامل نياز به پرستاران با صلاحيت حرفهای با توانمندی بالا در تفکر انتقادي، تصميمگيری باليني و استدلال اخلاقي را افزايش ميدهد. بیتردید نظام آموزش پرستاري با توسعه آموزش اخلاق میتواند سهم عظیمی در پیشبرد صلاحيت حرفهای این رشته داشته باشد.
- اخلاق؛ آموزش؛ پرستاری؛ ایران
ارجاع به مقاله
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