مبانی و جلوههای مداخله دولت در قلمرو جرائم اخلاقی سازمانیافته
مجله اخلاق زیستی- علمی پژوهشی,
دوره 12 شماره 37 (1401),
20 ژوئن 2022
,
صفحه 1-18
https://doi.org/10.22037/bioeth.v12i37.37966
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: جرائم اخلاقی مهمترین مصداق امنیت اجتماعی تلقی میشود که به قابلیت حفظ الگوهای اخلاقی، فرهنگ، مذهب، هویت عرف ملی با شرایط قابل قبول از تحول مربوط است. از همین رو مداخله دولت در حوزه جرائم اخلاقی سازمانیافته، در دهههای اخیر مورد توجه قرار گرفته و جرمانگاری در حوزه مفاسد اخلاقی شخصی و جرائم اخلاقی بدون بزهدیده، محکوم به فنا میباشد.
روش: این تحقیق از نوع نظری است، روش تحقیق به صورت توصیفی ـ تحلیلی میباشد و جمعآوری اطلاعات به صورت کتابخانهای و با مراجعه به اسناد صورت گرفته است.
ملاحظات اخلاقی: در تمام مراحل نگارش پژوهش حاضر، ضمن رعایت اصالت متون، صداقت و امانتداری رعایت شده است.
یافتهها: یافتهها حاکی از این است که هدف جرائم اخلاقی سازمانیافته عمدتاً كسب قدرت مادی، خدمات نامشروع و غیر اخلاقی و در نهایت مادیات است. با امعان نظر به پذیرش مداخله دولت در تأمین امنیت اخلاقی مرتبط با مفاسد گروهی یا سازمانیافته و واگذاری تأمین امنیت اخلاقی فردی یا شخصی به خود مردم و نهادهای مدنی، تفكیك جلوههای جرائم اخلاقی سازمانیافته از جرائم اخلاقی فردی ضرورت دارد.
نتیجهگیری: با توجه به اینکه ارزشها، هنجارها و دستاوردهای عصر تجدد و نوگرایی که تکیه و تأکید به تجربهگرایی، عقل و علم دارند، به تنهایی پاسخگوی نیازهای بشری نیستند، لذا یکی از استلزامات امنیت اخلاقی آن است که روشنفکران و نخبگان جامعه بپذیرند که اگر سنتها، ارزشهای دینی، فرهنگی و ملی جامعه نقش بازدارنده و تعدیلکننده انحرافات و زیادهرویهای علم و دانش و تجربه را ایفا میکنند، وظیفه آنهاست که به جای ستیز، به حفظ و تقویت آنها بکوشند. در یك حاكمیت دینی، هیچ مسئولی اعم از اجرائی، تقنینی و قضایی نمیتواند مسئولیت خود را در قبال مبارزه با مظاهر فساد سازمانیافته و گروهی نادیده گرفته یا انكار نماید.
- امنیت اجتماعی؛ امنیت اخلاقی؛ جرائم سازمانیافته؛ جرائم اخلاقی
ارجاع به مقاله
مراجع
Omidi J. Critical evaluation of the plan to intensify the punishment for crimes of disturbing the psychological security of society. Criminal Science News. Tehran: Mizan Publications; 2013. Vol.1 p.45-56. [Persian]
Wolfendale J. Moral Security. Journal of Political Philosophy. 2017; 25(2): 238-255.
Kennett J, Wolfendale J. Self-Control and Moral Security. Oxford: Oxford University Publications; 2019. Vol.6 p.13.
McDonald M. The Morality of Security: A Theory of Just Securitization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Publications; 2020. Vol.34 p.2.
Floyd R. The Morality of Security a Theory of Just Securitization, Cambridge: Cambridge University Publications; 2019. Vol.1 p.4.
Burgess JP. The Ethical Subject of Security Geopolitical Reason and the Threat against Europe. London: Routledg Publications; 2022. Vol.1 p.7.
Pazarkad B. History of Political Philosophy, Vol 3, Tehran: Zavar Publications; 2002. Vol.13 p.9. [Persian]
Ahmad AA. Right to Privacy. Translated by Hossein Aghababaei and Reyhaneh Mousavi. Criminal Science News. Tehran: Mizan Publications; 2013. Vol.2 p.1239-1251. [Persian]
Ghadrdan Gharamaleki MH. Freedom in Jurisprudence and its Limits. Qom: Book Garden Publications; 2003. Vol.1 p.14. [Persian]
Najafi Aberandabadi AH. on Security Studies. Introduction to Rezvani S. Humanitarian Risk Management. Tehran: Mizan Publications; 2012. Vol.1 p.11-20. [Persian]
Abdolrahimi M, Etratdoost M, Barzegar MM. Moral security and the role of NAJA in creating it with emphasis on the statements of the Supreme Leader. Quarterly Journal of Islamic Insight and Education. 2020; 16(48): 113-149. [Persian]
Mashhadi A, Mohammadloo S. A comparative study of the concept and criteria of privacy; Customary and Cultural Approach. Quarterly Journal of Comparative Law Research. 2016; 20(2): 146-125. [Persian]
Yazdian Jafari J. Confrontation of individual and national security in crimes against security. Quarterly Journal of Criminal Law Research. 2016; 4(14): 81-59. [Persian]
Gharaiagh Zandi D. The Ratio of Ethics and Security: A Possibility for Moral Security. Quarterly Journal of Strategic Studies. 2012; 50(4): 108-81. [Persian]
Aghababaei H. the Realm of Security in Criminal Law. Tehran: The Research Institute of Islamic Culture and Thought Publications; 2010. Vol.1 p.52. [Persian]
Aghababaei H. Privacy in Islamic Criminal Law. Tehran: The Research Institute of Islamic Culture and Thought Publications; 2017. Vol.1 p.13. [Persian]
Wright H. Ethics and True Crime: Setting a Standard for the Genre. Portland: Book Publishing Final Research Paper; 2020. Vol.1 p.51.
Polizzi D. The Impossibility of Criminal Justice Ethics: Toward a Phenomenology of the Possible. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 2018; 63(1): 135-153.
Burke A, Lee-Koo K, McDonald M. An Ethics of Global Security. Journal of Global Security Studies. 2016; 1(1): 64-79.
Jones JA. Ethical Considerations in Criminal Justice Research: Informed Consent and Confidentiality. Inquiries Journal. 2012; 40(8): 1-2.
Kouchaki M. Collective Security. Master Thesis in Islamic Education and Political Science. Tehran: Imam Sadegh (AS) University; 1989. p.45. [Persian]
Shaarinejad AA. Culture of Behavioral Sciences. Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications; 1997. Vol.1 p.14. [Persian]
Al-Ragheb Al-Isfahani AA-H. Al-Mufradat fi Gharib al-Quran. Qom: Book Office Publications; 1994. Vol.2 p.234. [Persian]
Wiley J. Moral Security. The Journal of Political Philosophy. 2017; 25(2): 238-255.
Lazarus L. The right to security, Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights. Edited by Croft SR, Liao M, Renzo M. Oxford: Oxford University Publications; 2015. Vol.1 p.435.
Shue H. Basic Rights: Subsistence, Affluence and U.S. Foreign Policy. Princeton: Princeton University Publications; 1996. Vol.1 p.21.
Nussbaum M. Capabilities as fundamental entitlements: Sen and social justice. Journal of Feminist Economics. 2003; 9(1): 33-59.
Varurai A, Saadati R, Hashemi H. The Impact of Ethics on Criminalization and Decriminalization in the Islamic Criminal Law System of Iran. Quarterly Journal of Criminal Law Research. 2014; 3(8): 33-62. [Persian]
Memarzadeh G. Human Development Report 1994, United Nations Development Program. Tehran: Program and Budget Organization Publications; 1996. Vol.1 p.220. [Persian]
Namazi GH. Moral Crisis; Threat to National Security. Journal of Security. 2001; 9(10): 2-3. [Persian]
Hamzehpour A. Components of the theory of sustainable security in Islam. Afagh Security Quarterly. 2012; 1(14): 85-128. [Persian]
Imam Ali. Nahj Al-Balagha. Letter.53 Sermon.105, 131.
The Holy Quran. Al-Imran: 153; Noor: 55; Fatah: 4; Baqarah: 126-125, 193; Nahl: 112; Hajar: 46; Qalam: 9-8.
Jafari Langroudi MJ. Legal Terminology Tehran: Ganj-e Danesh Publications; 2013. Vol.1 p.11. [Persian]
Mahmoudi Janaki F. Criminal Protection of Ethics, Criminal Science. Collection of Articles in Honor of Dr. Mohammad Ashouri. Tehran: Samat Publications; 2004. Vol.1 p.764-799. [Persian]
Nourani N, Hamidieh B. Recognition of Liberalism. Yas Strategy Quarterly. 2005; 1(4): 103-128. [Persian]
Weisburd D. Ethical Practice and Evaluation of Interventions in Crime and Justice: The Moral Imperative for Randomized Trials. Journal of Eval Rev. 2003; 27(3): 336-354.
Conley JP, Wang P. Crime and ethics. Journal of Urban Economics. 2006; 60(1): 107-123.
Najafi Aberandabadi AH. Lectures in Criminology (from Critical Criminology to Security Criminology). PhD in Criminal Law and Criminology. Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of Law; 2012-13. p.11. [Persian]
Shafizadeh Dizaji T. A Study of Dual Models of Criminal Justice Herbert Packer, Relying on the Evaluation of Iranian Criminal Justice in the Light of Those Models. Master Thesis in Criminal Law and Criminology. Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of Law; 2013. p.28. [Persian]
Shiie Ali A, Zare V, Zare M. The Position of Responsive Participatory Criminal Policy in the Stage of Criminal Prosecution in Iranian Law. Quarterly Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Studies. 2015; 2(4): 287-310. [Persian]
Najafi Aberandabadi AH. Crime, Feeling of Insecurity and Control (Study of the French Committee for the Study of Violence and Crime and its Recommendations in the Field of Criminal Policy). Journal of Justice. 1998; 1(2): 43-84. [Persian]
Qapanchi H, Danesh Nari HR. Dual models of the criminal process of crime control and fair trial. Quarterly Journal of Criminal Law Teachings. 2012; 1(4): 167-184. [Persian]
Beigi J. Child Victimization in Iranian Law. Tehran: Mizan Publications; 2009. Vol.1 p.89. [Persian]
Nabi Golestani G. The necessity of decriminalization of deviations. Specialized Journal of Theology and Law, Razavi University of Islamic Sciences. 2005; 1(1): 3-6. [Persian]
Ardabili MA, Najafi Aberandabadi AH, Naqibzadeh A. Police and Public Security Roundtable, Part 1. Security Quarterly. 2000; 4(15): 6-16. [Persian]
Ardabili MA, Najafi Aberandabadi AH, Naqibzadeh A. Police and Public Security Roundtable, Part 2. Security Quarterly. 2000; 17(7): 3-6. [Persian]
Mahmoudi Janaki F. Security and Insecurity from the Perspective of Criminal Policy. Quarterly Journal of Legal Perspectives. 1997; 8(1): 168-196. [Persian]
Shokri R, Sirus Q. Islamic Penal Code in the current legal system. Tehran: Mohajer Publications; 2011. Vol.1 p.64. [Persian]
Hojjati SM, Bari M. Islamic Penal Code in the current legal system. Tehran: Covenant of Justice Publications; 2005. Vol.1 p.48. [Persian]
Habibzadeh MJ. Punishment of Haram and Its Conflict with the Rule of Law in Criminal Law. Qom: Tebyan Publications; 2008. Vol.1 p.89. [Persian]
Mahmoudi M, Babaei MA. Fundamentals of criminality of non-observance of religious hijab in Iranian criminal law. Quarterly Journal of Criminal Law Research. 2021; 11(1): 253-274. [Persian]
Behdad H. Critique and review of the moral security plan and deviant perceptions. Jomhuri Eslami Newspaper. 2007; p.2. [Persian]
Rahmdel M. Human Rights to Privacy. Journal of the Faculty of Law and Political Science University of Tehran. 2005; 1(3): 119-145. [Persian]
Kordovani P, Mottaqi J, Sadr Al-Ashrafi SM, Shahsavand A, Najafi Aberandabadi AH. Roundtable on People's Participation in Providing Public Security. Part 2. Security Quarterly. 2000; 20(4): 9-10. [Persian]
Asadi L. Iranian Legislative Criminal Discourse on the Right to Be Different in Coverage. Journal of Legal Excellence. 2006; 1(2): 1-9. [Persian]
Zahravi R, Ahmadzadeh R. The display of women in cyberspace; with a look at the teachings of Imami jurisprudence and Iranian law. Quarterly Journal of Women's Strategic Studies. 2015; 18(70): 199-237. [Persian]
- چکیده مشاهده شده: 215 بار
- PDF دانلود شده: 97 بار