مروری بر روشهای محاسبه هزینه سوانح ترافیکی
ارتقای ایمنی و پیشگیری از مصدومیت ها,
دوره 1 شماره 4 (2013),
20 April 2014
,
صفحه 236-244
https://doi.org/10.22037/meipm.v1i4.6100
چکیده
سابقه و هدف: برای اختصاص منابع در سطح ملی و اطمینان از سطح ایمنی راه که نتیجه آن بهرهوری اقتصادی میباشد، محاسبه هزینه کمک میکند تا حجم مشکل را تعیین کرده و فوائد اقتصادی حاصله از پیشگیری از سوانح را نشان داد. همچنین میتواند تضمینی برای استفاده بهتر از ذخایر و هزینه فایده در ارزیابی اقتصادی باشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین روشهای محاسبه هزینه سوانح ترافیکی ارائه شده است.
روش بررسی: در یک مطالعه مروری با جستجوی اینترنتی و منابع کتابخانه ای ادبیات و سوابق مربوط به تعیین هزینه سلامت استخراج شد. سپس از بین اطلاعات کلیه روشهای گفته شده روشهای محاسبه هزینه سوانح ترافیکی بررسی و نتایج حاصله در مقاله حاضر به همراه اجزاء دو روش رایج در محاسبه هزینه سوانح ترافیکی ارائه شده است.
يافتهها: نتایج بررسی نشان داد روشهای محاسبه هزینه سوانح ترافیکی شامل: روش رویکرد بیمه زندگی، روش پاداش دادگاهی (غرامت)، روش دیه، روش ارزیابی ضمنی بخش عمومی، روش (خروجی ناخالص)، روش تولـید ناخالص ملی (سرمایه انسانی)، ارزش تغییر خطر یا تمایل به پرداخت میباشد. بر اساس سیاست گذاری در هر بخشی یکی از روشهای گفته شده کاربرد دارد ولی هر روش محدودیت خود را دارد و ممکن است با کم گزارش دهی همراه باشد.
نتيجه گيری: از بین روشهای گفته شده روش تمایل به پرداخت روش دقیقتری است اما به دلیل پیچیدگیهای این روش برای کشورهای با درآمد کم و متوسط روش سرمایه انسانی که با توجه به منابع و ظرفیتهای موجود از انجام پذیری بالاتری برخوردار است توصیه میشود.
- هزینه; سوانح ترافیکی; روش تمایل به پرداخت; روش سرمایه انسانی
ارجاع به مقاله
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