بررسي اثرات پسماندهاي دارويي بر محيط زيست و سلامت انسان ( مطالعه مروري سيستماتيک )
ارتقای ایمنی و پیشگیری از مصدومیت ها,
دوره 6 شماره 1 (2018),
15 تیر 2018
,
صفحه 42 - 31
https://doi.org/10.22037/meipm.v6i1.22146
چکیده
سابقه و هدف: پسماندهاي دارويي که شامل طيف وسيعي از آنتي بيوتيک ها، مسکنها و داروهاي سرطاني هستند باعث آلودگي محيط زيست و اختلال در عملکرد طبيعي اکوسيستمها ميشوند. هدف اين مطالعه بررسي اثرات پسماندهاي دارويي بر محيط زيست و سلامت انسان به صورت مروري سيستماتيک بود.
روش بررسي: پژوهش حاضر يک مطالعه مروري نظاممند بود. اين پژوهش با جستجو در پايگاههاي اطلاعاتي ساينس دايرکت، مد لاين، پاب مد، گوگل اسکولار، اس.آي.دي، اسپرينگر، اسکوپوز با استفاده از کليد واژههاي پسماندهاي دارويي، محيط زيست، زبالههاي خطرناک و سلامت انسانها در فاصله زماني بين سالهاي 2000 تا 2018 صورت گرفت.
نتايج: مرور نظامند مطالعات مختلف بيانگر ريسکهاي زيست محيطي و اثرات مخرب پسماندهاي دارويي ميباشد. از بين 40 مقالهي مرتبط با اثرات زيست محيطي پسماندهاي دارويي، 20 مقاله با قابليت اطمينان و معناداري بالا، 15 مقاله با درجه معناداري متوسط و 5 مقاله با قابليت اطمينان پايين اثرات پسماندهايي دارويي بر سلامت انسانها از جمله مرگ و مير، شيوع بيماريهاي تنفسي و ريه، بيماري سرطان و اثرات منفي بر روي خاک، محصولات کشاورزي و آبهاي سحطي را نشان دادند.
نتيجهگيري: شواهد پژوهشي بيانگر اثرات زيست محيطي مخرب پسماندهاي دارويي (آب هاي سطحي و زيرزميني، گياهان، خاک و محصولات کشاورزي و آبزيان)، آسيبهاي جدي به سلامتي افراد (بيماريهاي تنفسي، سرطان، اختلالات عصبي) و انتقال به زنجيرههايي غذايي ميباشد. با اينحال اين شواهد نيازمند ارزيابي دقيق تر و جامعتري ميباشد تا نتايج با اطمينان بيشتري مورد تفسير قرار گيرد.
How to cite this article:
Molla-Mahmoudi M, Monazami-Tehrani G, Shokri-Khubestani M, Hassani M, Bahramzadeh AH. Investigating the Effects of Pharmaceutical Wastes on the Environment and Human Health (Systematic review). J Saf Promot Inj Prev. 2018; 6(1):31-42.
- پسماندهاي دارويي ، محيط زيست ، سلامت
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