Introducing Book of Mifṭāh al-Aṭṭārīn by Sa’d al-Din Marghīnānī and Investigating the Causes of Its Anonymity
Tārīkh-i pizishkī i.e., Medical History,
Vol. 14 No. 47 (1401),
23 July 2022
,
Page 1-12
https://doi.org/10.22037/mhj.v14i47.36448
Abstract
Background and Aim: The revival of a nation's material and spiritual identity requires the revival of that nation's historical heritage, and manuscripts are part of this valuable heritage. Mifṭāh al-Aṭṭārīn is one of these valuable books that have been written about science of simple medicines and Pharmacology. This article was attempted to introduce this book and its author and also investigate why it and its author has remained anonymity in the Iranian scientific community.
Methods: The present research has been done with a descriptive-analytical approach and based on the collection of research files from library studies.
Ethical Considerations: During this research process, while referring to the mentioned context, not only has it been tried that the principle of fidelity and loyalty as well as originality of resources to be taken in account, but it also has been tried to avoid bias in referring to the texts or analyzes.
Results: The book of Mifṭāh al-Aṭṭārīn, written by Sa’d al-Din Marghīnānī, which was written between the seventh and ninth centuries AH, consists of two articles. The first article contains information about the science of pharmacy and the second one describes separately simple medicines. This article was been introduced this book and its author and also investigated the political, social, religious and even geographical conditions of that time.
Conclusion: The present article has considered the political, social and scientific situation in the Islamic lands after the Mongol invasion, as the reason why the book and its author remain unknown, because the Mongol domination, on the one hand, led to the stagnation and lack of dynamism of the scientific fields, and on the other hand, due to the lack of integration, political stability and security, caused the rupture of communication between them.
Please cite this article as:
Mohseni Seifabadi M. Introducing Book of Mifṭāh al-Aṭṭārīn by Sa’d al-Din Marghīnānī and Investigating the Causes of Its Anonymity. Tārīkh-i pizishkī, i.e., Medical History. 2022; 14(47): e23.
- Mifṭāh al-Aṭṭārīn; Sa’d al-Din Marghīnānī; Pharmacology; Simple Medicines
How to Cite
References
Ansaripour M, Naseri M, Esfehani M, Nabipour I, Rakhshani F. Modernity and Tradition in Medicine. Med Hist J (Quarterly). 2014; 5(15): 53-73. [Persian]
Marghīnānī S. Mifṭāh ul-‘Aṭṭārīn. Transcribed by Bukhārī M. Library of Malik; 1459. No 4495/8. 2, 3, 4, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18-26, 34, 38, 43, 119. [Persian]
Marghīnānī S. Mifṭāh ul-‘Aṭṭārīn wa Mifṭāh ul-Hudūd. Transcribed by Amānullāh khān. Library of Majlis; 16th-17th century. No 17066/1. 5, 6, 13-16, 19, 20, 21, 23, 60, 61, 62. [Persian]
Marghīnānī S. Mifṭāh ul-‘Aṭṭārīn wa Mifṭāh ul-hudūd. Transcribed by Amānullāh khān. Introduced by Esfehani M. Tehran: Research Institute for Islamic & Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences; 2013. [Persian]
Karājī A. Kanz ul-Fawaʾid. Qom: Maktabat ul-Muşṭafawī; 1990. p.239. [Arabic]
Kuliīnī M. Uṣul ul-Kāfi. Translated by Rasuli H. Tehran: ʿIlmī–yi Islamī–yi; No Date. Vol1 p.37. [Persian]
Ibn Sīnā H. al-Qānūn fī al-Ṭibb. Beyrouth: Dār ul-Turāth al-Arabī; 2005. Vol.1 p.21-22; Vol.4 p.223-224. [Arabic]
Ibn Sīnā H. Al-Manṭiq ul-Mashriqīīn wa al-Qasīdi-yi al-Muzdawaji-yi fi al-Manṭiq. Qom: Ayatollah Mar'ashī Najafī; 2021. p.6-10. [Arabic]
Qahreman A, Ukhuwwat A. Adaptation the ancient names of herbal with scientific names. Tehran: Tehran University Press; 2004. p.1-3, 6. [Persian]
Farnbagh Dādgī. Bundahishn. Translated by Bahar M. Tehran: Tūs; 2001. p.86-89. [Persian]
Sahihi Uskui M, Abbasi M, Kangari H. Visual Sciences and Optology in the Third Millennium BC Excavation of the Burnt City of Zābul in Sīstān and Balūchistān Province. Med Hist J (Quarterly). 2014; 4(13): 175-191. [Persian]
Durant W. The Story of Civilization (Our Oriental Heritage). Translated by Aram A. Tehran: ʿIlmī wa Farhangī; 1997. p.218-219. [Persian]
Ziyai A. History of Herbal Medicine. J Med Plants. 2002; 1(2): 43-52. [Persian]
Damirchi SH. The history of Islamic Culture and Civilization. Qom: Nashr-i Ma'ārif; 2010. p.133-135, 234. [Persian]
Ibn Nadīm E. al-Fihrist. Interpreted by Tawil Y. Beyrouth: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmī-yi; 1995. p.273-274, 339, 373-374. [Arabic]
Yāghūt Himawī SH. Muʿjam ul-Buldān. Cairo: Dār ul-Maʾmūn; No Date. Vol.3 p.45; Vol.11 p.266. [Arabic]
Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿah A. Uyūn ul-Anbāʾfī Ṭabaqāt al-Aṭibbā. Mecca: al-Matbaʿah al-Vahabiʿah; 1882. Vol.1 p.175-187, 501. [Arabic]
Muhaqiq M, Panahi W. Medical terms in Ancient Arabic-Persian Glossaries. Tehran: al-Maʿī; 2012. p.2. [Arabic]
Muqbil A. Evolution of Medicine and Pharmacy in the World 2- From Jundishapur to Modern Europe and America. JSMJ. 2013; 12(6): 629-643. [Persian]
Shamsi S. Generalities of stylistics. Tehran: Firdus; 1994. p.13, 15, 85, 102, 156. [Persian]
Afshar I. List of Manuscripts of Malik National Library Dependent to Astān Quds. Mashhad: Astān Quds; 1976. Vol.7 p.411. [Persian]
Derayati M. Indexes of Iranian Manuscripts (Fankha). Tehran: National Library and Archives I.R. IRAN; 2012. Vol.30 p.827. [Persian]
Derayati M. Indexes of Iranian Manuscripts (Dena). Mashhad: Cultural and Research Institute of Aljavad; 2012. Vol.9 p.1039. [Persian]
Shukrullahi E. List of Manuscripts of the Library of the Islamic Consultative Assembly. Tehran: Library, Museum and Documents Center Islamic Consultative Assembly; 2012. Vol.47 p.203. [Persian]
Khʾfī Khān M. Muntakhab ul-Lubāb. Edited by Ahmad K, Qadir GH. Kolkata: No Name; 1869. Vol.1 p.223-224. [Persian]
Eslami Fard Z, Ahmadi N, Karimi B, Ghaffari F. The Role of Safavid Immigrant Physicians in Promoting Persian Language in Indian Subcontinent. Med Hist J (Quarterly). 2019; 8(28): 19-26. [Persian]
Kavyani P, Shujainia F. An Investigation of the Reasons for the Migration of Iranian Safavid Physicians to India and Its Consequences. Iranian Studies. 2020; 18(36): 187-213. [Persian]
Bayani SH. Religion and government in Iran of Mongol period. Tehran: University Publication Center; 1997. [Persian]
Mazzaoui M. Safavil Iran and Her Neighbors. Translated by Azhand Y. Tehran: Nashr Gustar; 2010. [Persian]
- Abstract Viewed: 427 times
- PDF (فارسی) Downloaded: 254 times