مشروعیت پیوند رحم در فقه امامیه
مجله علمی - پژوهشی فقه پزشکی,
دوره 14 شماره 44 (1401),
9 خرداد 2022
,
صفحه 1-20
https://doi.org/10.22037/mfj.v14i44.37169
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: برخی از زنها به صورت مادرزادی یا در اثر ابتلاء به بیماری، فاقد رحم بوده و قادر به باروری نمیباشند. خوشبختانه طی دهه اخیر، این امکان برای اشخاص فاقد رحم مهیا شده تا بتوانند از طریق پیوند رحم باردار شوند. هدف از مقاله حاضر، بررسی فقهی پیوند رحم بود.
مواد و روشها: مطالب موجود در مقاله با روش توصیفی تحلیلی و با استفاده از منابع کتابخانهای از طریق فیشبرداری جمعآوری شده است.
نتیجهگیری: از نظر برخی از آنجا که پیوند رحم برای اهداکننده، اهداشونده و نوزاد حاصله مخاطرهآمیز بوده و حافظ حیات نمیباشد و در عین حال زن فاقد رحم، قادر به تجربه فرزندآوری از طریق روشهای جایگزین است، بنابراین این عمل به لحاظ اخلاقی قابل قبول نیست. این در حالی است که با بررسی قواعد و اصول فقهی میتوان گفت که پیوند رحم به لحاظ فقهی قابل توجیه است. بدین توضیح که اگرچه پیوند رحم برای اهداکننده مخاطرهآمیز است، اما این میزان از خطر با توجه به ادلهای چون اصل تسلیط قابل توجیه میباشد. همچنین حرمت آسیب وارده به اهداشونده بر اساس قواعدی چون اضطرار، نفی عسر و حرج و غیره مرتفع میگردد. باید توجه داشت اگرچه روشهای جایگزینی برای فرزندآوری اشخاص فاقد رحم وجود دارد، لیکن برای برخی از اشخاص روشهای جایگزین، مطلوب نمیباشد و آنها ترجیح میدهند که جنین در رحم زوجه قرار داشته باشد. به لحاظ فقهی نیز انسان دارای حق فرزندآوری است و از آنجا که اذن در شی اذن در لوازم آن نیز محسوب میگردد، بنابراین پیوند رحم به عنوان مقدمه فرزندآوری در شخص فاقد رحم جایز تلقی میشود.
- پیوند رحم ، رحم ، فقه امامیه
ارجاع به مقاله
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