Feasibility of determining ARSH for pain
Medical Figh,
Vol. 15 No. 45 (1402),
29 Shahrivar 2023
,
Page 1-12
https://doi.org/10.22037/mfj.v15i45.42599
Abstract
Background and Aim: Arash is a type of blood money that is not predetermined in the law. According to this definition, if commit a crime causes pain in the victim's organs and limbs, is it possible to determine Arsh for the pain? The legislator of the Islamic Republic of Iran has not taken an explicit position in this regard. While in most quarrels, regardless of any damage, the victim's limbs are usually injured. Legislature’s silence and lack of research resources in this field on the one hand, and a lot of members suffering in the society, on the other hand, make it necessary to write an independent research about the feasibility of determining the Arsh for pain.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical research was done in a library method by using original jurisprudential and legal sources.
Conclusion: After explaining the various forms of causing pain following the crime, it has been proven that if the pain is in such a form that can be considered as a non-discontinuous complication, it causes Arsh based on Article (708) of the Islamic Penal Code. But if the pain is intermittent and very transitory that it cannot be considered as a disease or complication, although some religious texts can confirm to determine Arsh for it, but adhering to determine Arash in such an assumption, especially considering the capacity of current laws, faces serious challenges such as the executive challenge of evaluation and dispensation.
- Arsh, Crime, Pain, Complication
How to Cite
References
Muḥaqqiq Ḥillī, J. Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām Fī Masāʿil al-Ḥalāl Wa al-Ḥarām. Qum: Ismāʿīlīyān. 1988 (1408). 4: 180. [In Arabic]
Rāghib Işfahānī, Ḥ. Mufradāt Alfāẓ al-Qurʾān. Lebanon: Dār al-ʿIlm. 1992(1412). 672. [In Arabic].
Najafī, M. Jawāhir al-Kalām Fī Sharḥ Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al- ʿarabī. 1994(1414). 42:58. [In Arabic]
Khoei, SA. Mabānī Takmilat al-Minhāj.2nd. Np: Imām Khoei. 2002 (1423). 42: 229. [In Arabic]
Khomeini, SR. Taḥrīr al-Wasīlat. Qum: Dār al-ʿIlm. Nd. 2:553 [In Arabic]
Mīrmuḥammad Şādiqī, Ḥ. Jarāʾim ʿAlayh Ashkhāş. Teharn: Mīzān. 2014(1392). 217. [In Persian]
Shahīd Thānī, Z. Masālik al-Afhām ilā Tanqīḥ Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām. Qum: Maʿārif Islāmī. 1992(1413). 15: 315. [In Arabic]
Mughnīyyat, MJ. Fiqh al-Imām Jaʿfar al-Şādiq. Qum: Anşārīyān. 2001(1411). 6: 358. [In Arabic
Shooshinasab, N. “How to evaluate pain and suffering damages”. Public law Research. 2011(1389). 13(33): 102-133. [In Persian]
Sabooripour M, Rahbar M. “Comparative Study of pain and suffering damage assessment and its compensation in Non-Lethal Injuries in Iranian and American Law”. Comparative Law Review. 2019(1397). 11(2): 639-658. [In Persian]
Chapman CR, Gavrin J. "Suffering: The contribution of persistent pain”. Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Washington. Seattle 98195. USA.1.
Ḥājīdihābādī, A. Jarāʾim ʿAlayh Ashkhāş (Qatl). Teharn: Mīzān. 2017(1395). 118. [In Persian]
Azmāyish, A. Juzwih Taqrīrāt Ḥuqūq kiyfarī Duwrih Kārshināsī Arshad. Teharn: University of Tehran. 1996(1375). 138. [In Persian]
Pād, I. Ḥuqūq kiyfarī Ikhtişāşī (Jarāʾim Nisbat bi Ashkhāş). Teharn: Dānishwar. 2007(1386). 39. [In Persian]
Gulpāyigānī, SMR. Majmaʿ al-Masāʾil. Qum: Dār al-Qurʾān al-Karīm. 1989(1368). 3:256. [In Arabic].
Zirāʿat, ʿA. Sharḥ Mabsūṭ Qānūn Mujāzāt Islāmī: Mabḥath Dīyyāt. Tehran: Jāwdānih. 2017(1396). 5:271. [In Persian]
Majlisī, M. Mirʾāt al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ ʾAkhbār Āl al-Rasūl. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyyat. 1984(1404). 3: 54. [In Arabic]
Koleini, M. al-Kāfī. Qum: Dār al-Kitāb. 1987(1407). 1:239. [In Arabic]
Tabrīzī, J. Tanqīḥ Mabānī al-Aḥkām (Kitāb al-Dīyyāt). Qum: Dār al-Şidīqat. 2007 (1428). 3: 305. [In Arabic]
Khānsārī, A. Jāmiʿ al-Madārik fī Sharḥ Mukhtaşar al-Nāfiʿ. Qum: Ismāʿīlīyān. 1985(1405). 6:277. [In Arabic]
Ṭūsī, M. Tahdhīb al- Aḥkām. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyyat. 1986 (1407). 10: 294. [In Arabic]
Şaffār, M. Başāʾir al-Darajāt. Qum. Maktabat Āyat Allāh al-Marʿashī. 1984(1405). 1:148. [In Arabic]
Majlisī, MB. Biḥār al-Anwār. Beirut: al-Tabʿ Wa al-Nashr. 1983(1403). 26:36. [In Arabic]
Muḥaddith Nūrī, Ḥ. Mustadrak al-Wasāʿil Wa Mustanbaṭ al-Masāʿil. Beirut: Dār Āl al-Bayt. 1988(1404). 18: 387. [In Arabic]
- Abstract Viewed: 49 times
- pdf (فارسی) Downloaded: 49 times