Jurisprudential Verdict on Deprivation of Life from the Embryos in Vitro
Medical Figh,
Vol. 11 No. 39-38 (1398),
28 January 2020
,
Page 81-95
https://doi.org/10.22037/mfj.v11i39-38.26146
Abstract
Background and Aim: A fetus that develops normally is subject to such rules as the sanctity of abortion. The jurists agree that abortion is a crime and depending on how long the sperm has entered the mother's womb and the steps taken, the offender must pay blood money. This study aims to investigate the possibility of spreading natural abortion rulings on embryos in vitro based on jurisprudential sources and documents.
Materials and Methods: The present analytical descriptive study has been written using library data, both real and cyber. Thus, first of all, the reasons that can be cited in Imami jurisprudential sources regarding abortion has been planned and then by analytical method it has been tried to examine the possibility of spreading the rules of natural abortion to the embryos in vitro abortion. In this regard, since the most important document of these rulings are narrations that express the sanctity of abortion, these narrations have been studied and by examining the word embryo in them and also the way or subject of its formation, the possibility of inclusion of narrations in relation to embryos in vitro is measured.
Conclusion: Studies have shown that among the jurists regarding the deprivation of life of embryos produced by abnormal fertilization, two theories of permissibility and impermissibility have been proposed. By the review of the documents of the two theories, it appears that the reasons for deprivation of life impermissibility are more certain and strong. Then there is no difference between an embryo in vitro and a natural embryo in deprivation of life. Destroying the embryos in vitro is not permissible as well as the naturall embryos, unless in special cases that the secondary titles require otherwise.
- Embryo; Embryo in Vitro; Life; Abortion
How to Cite
References
Mostafawi H. A Study on Holy Quran Vocabulary. 1st ed. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance; 1989. Vol.1 p.425. [Arabic]
Parivar K. Embryology. Tehran: Mobtakeran Publishing; 2000. p.177. [Persian]
Agah H. The Right to Life and Existing Challenges. Journal of Quranic Studies 1994; 2(4): 35-36. [Persian]
Mesbah Yazdi MT. Quran Educations. 2nd ed. Qom: Qom Seminary Teachers Association, Publications Office; 1992. p.305. [Persian]
Shahriari H. Giving Gamet from Islamic Perspective. Payesh Quarterly 2007; 4(6): 385-395. [Persian]
Isfahani MH. Footnotes to the Book of Achievements [Persian]. 3rd ed. Qom: Abbas Mohammad al-Saba’ Qatifi; 1999. Vol.3 p.174.
Najafi MH. Jewels of Speech in Clarifying the Legislations of Islam. 1st ed. Beirut: Arab Heritag Revival House; No Date. Vol.43 p.112, 195. [Arabic]
Majlisi MB. Bihar al-Anwar. 3rd ed. Beirut: Arab Heritage Revival House; 1983. Vol.58 p.19. [Arabic]
Ansari M. Book of Purity. 2nd ed. Qom: Published by World Congress in Honor of Sheikh Azam; 1995. Vol.2 p.318. [Arabic]
Taqavi N, Asadi Nejad M, Amani Samani R. Investigating the Nature of Frozen Embryos from Jurisprudential, Ethical and Legal Points of View. Medical Jurisprudence Quarterly 2017; 8(26): 135-166. [Persian]
Majlisi MB. Bihar al-Anwar. 3rd ed. Beirut: Arab Heritage Revival House; 1983. Vol.10 p.477; Vol.57 p.344-346. [Arabic]
Izadpanah A. The Head of Ahl Bayt Jurisprudence Article. Journal of Jurisprudence of Ahl al-Bayt 1991; 1(1): 1-3. [Persian]
Toosi M. Refinement of Laws (Concrete Study). 4th ed. Tehran: Islamic Book House; 1980. Vol.10 p.285. [Arabic]
Majlisi MB. The Mirror of Minds Describing News about Ahl al-Bayt (as). 2nd ed. Tehran: Islamic Library; 1984. Vol.21 p.23-26. [Arabic]
Kolayni AJM. Satisfactory. 4th ed. Tehran: Islamic Library; 1987. Vol.7 p.342. [Arabic]
Majlisi MB. The Latest Choice in Understanding Refinement of the Narratives 1st ed. Qom: Ayatollah Mar’ashi Najafi Library; 1986. Vol.16 p.609. [Arabic]
Borujerdi AH. Resources of Shia Jurisprudence (Complete Translation of Shia Hadiths). 1st ed. Tehran: Farhang e Sabz Publishing; 2008. Vol.31 p.657. [Persian]
Karimzadeh MA. Ahmadi GH-A. Laboratory Fertility Principles. 1st ed. Yazd: Yazd Publishing; 1991. p.154. [Persian]
Shiravi M. The Necessity of Preserving the Biological Dignity of the Laboratory Fetus in Terms of Biological Ethics Documents. Journal of Medical Ethics 2010; 4(11): 135-166. [Persian]
Tarihi F. Congregation of Two Seas. 3rd ed. Tehran: Mortazavi Publishing; 1996. Vol.5 p.125; Vol.6 p.226. [Arabic]
Homeyri N. The Brightest of the Sciences and Arabic Word Remedy for Injuries. 1st ed. Beirut: Contemporary Thinking Room; 1999. Vol.2 p.948. [Arabic]
Ibn Manzour M. Arab Tongue. 3rd ed. Beirut: Thinking Room for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, Room of Exports; 1994. Vol.6 p.21. [Arabic]
Saheb ibn Ebad E. An Ocean in Language. 1st ed. Beirut: Alem al-Ketab; 1994. Vol.6 p.409. [Arabic]
Azodi A. The Book of Water. 1st ed. Tehran: Institute of Medical History, Islamic Medicine and Complementary Studies, Iran Medical University; 2009. Vol.1 p.273. [Arabic]
Fayoumi A. Brilliant Light in the Darkness of the Great Description of Rafe’ei. 2nd ed. Qom: Daar al-Hejrat Institute; 1994. Vol.2 p.111, 611. [Arabic]
Jazri ISM. The End of Strange Hadith and Work. 1st ed. Qom: Ismailian Press Institute; 2003. Vol.1 p.307. [Arabic]
Sa’alebi A. Jurisprudence of Language. 1st ed. Beirut: Scientific Books House; 1994. p.124. [Arabic]
Ragheb Esfahani H. Vocabulary of Quran Statements. 1st ed. Tehran: Dar al-Elm; 1992. Vol.3 p.611. [Arabic]
Hoseini Zobeydi MM. Bridal Crown from Dictionary Jewelry. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar al-Fekr; 1994. Vol.18 p.120. [Arabic]
Qorashi SAA. Encyclopedia of Quran. 6th ed. Tehran: Islamic Library; 1992. Vol.2 p.61. [Arabic]
Tabibian SH. Larus Dictionary. 8th ed. Tehran: Amir Kabir Publishing; 1997. Vol.1 p.772. [Persian]
Jowhari E. The Crown of the Language and Correct Arabic. 1st ed. Beirut: House of Knowledge for Millions; 1990. Vol.5 p.2094. [Arabic]
Ahmad ibn Fares ibn Zakarya H. A Dictionary of Language Standards. 1st ed. Qom: Qom Seminary Islamic Propaganda Office Publication; 1984. Vol.1 p.421; Vol.5 p.440. [Arabic]
Ragheb Esfahani H. Vocabulary of Quran Statements. 1st ed. Tehran: Dar al-Elm; 1992. Vol.2 p.241. [Arabic]
Ibn Fahd Helli A. Repetition of Pray and Success of Trainer. 1st ed. Tehran: Daar al-Ketab al-Islami; 1984. p.28. [Arabic]
Sheykh Mufid M. Converted. 1st ed. Qom: Sheikh Mofid Millenary World Congress; 1993. p.763. [Arabic]
Qomi Mashhadi M. Interpretation of the Treasure of the Time and the Strange Sea. 1st ed. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, Printing and Publishing Organization; 1989. Vol.9 p.169-170. [Arabic]
Al-Aroosi al-Hoveyzi AA. Noor al-Saqalayn Interpretation. 4th ed. Qom: Esmaiilian Publishing; 1995. Vol.3 p.535-536. [Arabic]
Majlisi MB. The Mirror of Minds Describing News about Ahl al-Bayt (as). 2nd ed. Tehran: Islamic Library; 1984. Vol.24 p.153, 155. [Arabic]
Toosi M. Fore-Sighting what may differ in Coming Statements. 1st ed. Tehran: Islamic Book House; 1980. Vol.4 p.299. [Arabic]
Farahidi KH. The Book of Eyes. 2nd ed. Qom: Hijrat Publishing; 1989. Vol.2 p.436. [Arabic]
Bostani FA. Abjadi Dictionary. 2nd ed. Tehran: Islamic Publishing; 1998. p.919. [Persian]
Razi AH. Heaven Aloud and the Spirit of Heaven in Quran Interpretation. Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi Islamic Research Foundation; 1988. Vol.4 p.10-11. [Arabic]
Tabarsi F. Interpretation of Thorough Academics. 1st ed. Tehran: Tehran University Publishing; Qom: Qom Seminary Administration; 1998. Vol.4 p.408. [Arabic]
Tabatabaei SMH. Tafsir al-Mizan. Qom: Islamic Publications Office of Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1997. Vol.20 p.121. [Arabic]
Ibn Edris M. Lair Containing the Issue of Fatwa (and Extremes). 2nd ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1990. Vol.2 p.607; Vol.3 p.416. [Arabic]
Maghrebi N. The Principles of Islam and Reminding Legal and Illegal and Issues and Rules. 2nd ed. Qom: Aal al-Bayt (as) Institute; 1966. Vol.2 p.420. [Arabic]
Ameli Z. The Brilliant Garden Explaining the Damascus Light (T-Modern). 1st ed. Qom: Davari Bookstore; 1990. p.289. [Arabic]
Zolmajdein Z. Translation and Description on Tabsarah Allamah. Tehran: Tehran University Publication; 1911. Vol.2 p.671-672. [Persian]
Toosi AJM. The Ultimate Solely in Jurisprudence and Fatwas. 2nd ed. Beirut: Dar al-Ketab al-Arabi; 1980. p.774. [Arabic]
Toosi AJM. Disagreement. 1st ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1987. p.293. [Arabic]
Helli Y. Class of Religion. 1st ed. Qom: Sayed al-Shuhada Scientific Foundation; 1985. p.603. [Arabic]
Fazel Abi H. Uncovering the Mysteries in a Brief and Profitable Description. 3rd ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1997. Vol.2 p.677. [Arabic]
Halabi AST. Adequate jurisprudence. 1st ed. Isfahan: Imam Amir Al-Mo'menin Public Library; 1983. p.392. [Arabic]
Terablosi H, Qazi AZ. Refined (of Ibn Barraj). 1st ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated to the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1986. p.511. [Arabic]
Halabi A. Rich Propensity to Scientific Basics and Branches. 1st ed. Qom: Imam Sadeq Institute; 1997. p.415. [Arabic]
Mohaqeq Helli NJ. Islamic Legislations in Legal and Illegal Issues. Qom: Esmaiilian Institute; 1996. Vol.4 p.265. [Arabic]
Allameh Helli H. Guiding Minds to the rules of Faith. 1st ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1990. Vol.2 p.5. [Arabic]
Allameh Helli H. The Rules of Provisions in Recognizing Religious Legal and Illegal Issues. 1st ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1993. Vol.2 p.696. [Arabic]
Mohaqeq Helli NJ. Ultimate Details. 1st ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1992. Vol.1 p.463. [Arabic]
Sabzrvari SA. Polite Rules. 4th ed. Qom: Al-Menar Institute, Ayatullah’s Office; 1993. p.319. [Arabic]
Fazel Abi H. Uncovering the Mysteries in a Brief and Profitable Description. 3rd ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1997. Vol.1 p.617. [Arabic]
Shobeyri Zanjani SM. The Book of Marriage. 6th ed. Qom: Ray Pardaz Research Institute; 1999. Vol.4 p.1337. [Arabic]
Allameh Helli H. Diversities in Shiite about Religious Provisions. 2nd ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1993. p.426-427. [Arabic]
Helli JA. Exclusives of Brief Explanations. 1st ed. Mashhad: Islamic Research Academy; 1990. p.227. [Arabic]
Seymari M. The Ultimate Favor in Description of Islamic Laws. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar al-Hadi; 2001. p.15. [Arabic]
Ameli Karaki (Mohaqeq Sani) A. Thorough Goals in Describing Rules. 2nd ed. Qom: Aal al-Bayt (as) Institute; 1994. Vol.12 p.505-506. [Arabic]
Ameli Z. Paths of Understanding for Reconsideration of Islamic Law. 1st ed. Qom: Islamic Knowledge Institute; 1993. Vol.7 p.64-65. [Arabic]
Mousavi Ameli M. The Ultimate Goal of a Brief Description of the Laws of Islam. 1st ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1991. Vol.1 p.58-59. [Arabic]
Feyz Kashani MM. Keys to Religious Issues. 1st ed. Qom: Ayatollah Mar’ashi Najafi Library; No Date. Vol.2 p.155. [Arabic]
Bohrani Y. Fresh Gardens of Ahlulbayt’s Rules. 1st ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1985. p.86-89. [Arabic]
Tabatabaei Ha’eri SA. Gardens of Issues (T-Old). 1st ed. Qom: Aal al-Bayt (as) Institute; No Date. p.561-562. [Arabic]
Naraqi MA. Shia documents in Religious Rules. 1st ed. Qom: Aal al-Bayt (as) Institute; 1995. p.74-77. [Arabic]
Najafi MH. Jewels of Speech in Clarifying the Legislations of Islam. 7th ed. Beirut: Arab Heritag Revival House; No Date. Vol.29 p.111, 115. [Arabic]
Ansari Dezfuli M. The Book of Marriage. 1st ed. Qom: World Congress in Honor of Sheikh Azam Ansari; 1995. p.71-73. [Arabic]
Khomeini SR. The Treatise Explaining the Practical Law. 8th ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office affiliated with Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 2003. Vol.2 p.930. [Persian]
Khomeini SR. Referendums. 5th ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 2001. Vol.3 p.283. [Persian]
Makarem Shirazi N. The Book of Marriage. 1st Ed. Qom: Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib School Publications; 2005. p.143. [Arabic]
Horr Ameli M. Detailing the Means of Shia to Achieve Religious Issues. 1st ed. Qom: Aal al-Bayt (as) Institute, 33rd Chapter in Terms of Menstruation; 1989. Vol.1 p.338. [Arabic]
Feyz Kashani MM. Satisfactory. 1st ed. Isfahan: Imam Amir al-Mumenin (as) Library; 1986. [Arabic]
Horr Ameli M. Guiding the Nation to Imams’ Rules: Selected Issues. 1st ed. Mashhad: Islamic Research Academy; 1982. Vol.1 p.207. [Arabic]
Asadi Helli H. The Ultimate Requirement in Studying the Religion. 1st ed. Mashad: Islamic Research Academy; 1992. p.401. [Arabic]
Ansari Shirazi Q. Encyclopedia of Children's Rules and Guidance. 1st ed. Qom: The Jurisprudential Center of the pure Imams (as); 2008. p.136. [Arabic]
Ameli BM. East of Two Suns and the Essence of Two Blessings along with Khajooei’s Comments. 2nd ed. Mashhad: Islamic Research Academy; 1994. p.274. [Arabic]
Group of Authors. Ahl al-Bayt (as) Jurisprudence Magazine. 1st ed. Qom: Institute of the Encyclopedia of Islamic Jurisprudence on the Religion of the Ahl al-Bayt (as); No Date. Vol.1 p.69. [Persian]
Mohseni Qandehari MA. Jurisprudence and Medical Issues. 1st ed. Qom: Qom Seminary Islamic Propaganda Office Publications; 2005. Vol.1 p.59. [Persian]
Momen Qomi M. Correct Words. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; No Date. p.148.
Group of Authors. Ahl al-Bayt (as) Jurisprudence Magazine. 1st ed. Qom: Institute of the Encyclopedia of Islamic Jurisprudence on the Religion of the Ahl al-Bayt (as); No Date. Vol.9 p.132. [Persian]
Noori H. Obscure means and inferred issues. 1st ed. Qom: Aal al-Bayt (as) Institute; 1988. Vol.18 p.218.
Khomeini SR. Referendums. 5th ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 2001. Vol.1 p.284. [Persian]
Khomeini SR. The Treatise Explaining the Practical Law. 8th ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 2003. Vol.2 p.945. [Persian]
Hosseini Khamenei SA. Polls Answers. 1st ed. Qom: Leadership Office; 1974. p.279, 1263. [Persian]
Montazeri Najaf Abadi HA. A treatise on Referendums. 1st ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; No Date. Vol.1 p.205, 718. [Persian]
Fazel Movahedi Lankarani M. Provisions of Physicians and Patients (Fazel). Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with the Qom Seminary Teachers Association; No Date. p.110. [Persian].
Fayaz Kaboli ME. Treatise Explaining Practical Issues. 1st ed. Qom: Majlesi Publishing; 2007. p.744. [Persian]
Jafari Tabrizi MT. Human Right of Dignity. Journal of the Faculty of Law and Political Science 1992; 3(8): 250-266. [Persian]
Makarem Shirazi N. Family Principles in the light of Islamic Jurisprudence. 2nd ed. Qom: Imam Ali ibn Abi Taleb Publishing; 2011. p.309. [Persian]
Janati MI. The Treatise Explaining the Practical Law, Referendums. 1st ed. Qom: Ansarian Publishing; 2004. Vol.2 p.238. [Persian]
Jawaheri H. Embryonic Division and Simulation. New Exploration in Islamic Jurisprudence Magazine 2007; 4(47): 32-47. [Persian]
Ahmadi AA. A Study of Social Aspects of Simulation and Stem Cells Research. Tehran: Research Institute of Culture, Arts and Communications; 2008. p.112. [Persian]
Hosseini Rohani SMS. Innovated Issues. Qom: Book House; 1994. p.10. [Arabic]
Safi Golpayegani L. Innovated Issues. Qom: Islamic Knowledge Institute; 2012. p.64-65. [Persian]
Fazel Hendi M. Unveiling the nagueness from the religious Rules. 1st ed. Qom: Islamic Publications Office Affiliated with Qom Seminary Teachers Association; 1996. Vol.2 p.218.
Khoei SA. Religious Issues: Transaction Referendums. Qom: Imam Khoii Revival Institute; 2000. Vol.2 p.319. [Arabic]
Javanmard Farkhani I. Investigating the Legitimacy of Destroying Laboratory Embryos in Islamic Jurisprudence. Contemporary Jurisprudence Magazine 2017; 4(7): 29-45. [Persian]
- Abstract Viewed: 562 times
- pdf (فارسی) Downloaded: 109 times