Antibacterial Effects of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Myrtus Communis Leaves on Streptococcus Mutans
Journal of Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Vol. 41 No. 3 (2023),
13 March 2024
,
Page 92-96
https://doi.org/10.22037/jds.v41i3.43207
Abstract
Objectives Although dental caries is the most common chronic oral disease globally, there is no comprehensive plan for preventing this microbial disease. Streptococcus mutans is one of the essential causes of dental caries. Owing to the adverse effects associated with antibiotics, researchers are focusing their efforts on the development of antimicrobial compounds derived from medicinal plants. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of the ethanol extract derived from the leaves of Myrtus communis on S. mutans.
Methods In this in vitro study, the researchers initially procured the Myrtus communis extract. Subsequently, they determined its dry weight and evaluated its antimicrobial activity utilizing the well-dilution method. The antimicrobial efficacy was determined by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and the inhibition zone diameter surrounding the extract. Ultimately, the data were examined using the Mann-Whitney test. Differences less than (P<0.05) was significant statistically.
Results The MIC and MBC of the extract for S. mutans were found to be 5 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL, respectively. Chlorhexidine, used as a positive control, exhibited the same values. Furthermore, the diameter of the inhibition zone around both the extract and chlorhexidine was measured to be 17±1 mm and 15±1 mm, respectively. The difference between these measurements was not statistically significant (P=0.077).
Conclusion The ethanol extract from the myrtle leaves was as efficient as chlorhexidine mouthwash against S. mutans. Further investigations are needed into the antibacterial effects of different medicinal plants on cariogenic microorganisms.
- Streptococcus mutans
- Myrtus, herbal extract
- Plant Extracts
How to Cite
References
Gauniyal P, Singh Teotia UV. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extracts of twelve medicinal plants against oral microorganisms. Int J Pharm Med Res. 2014; 2(1): 21-7.
Biria M, Cheraghi S, Bararzadeh Soorati A, Namdari M, Yadegari Z. Antimicrobial effects of mass and oral-b mouthwashes on streptococcus mutans and candida albicans: an in vitro study. J Dent Sch. 2020; 38(4): 139-43.
Saswati B, Indranil B. Role of htra in surface protein expression and biofilm formation by streptococcus mutans. Infec Immun. 2005; 73 (10): 6923-34.
Indah Sari LN, Fauziah E, Budiardjo SB, Suharsini M, Sutadi H, Ike Siti Indiarti, et al. Antibacterial and antifungal effectiveness of virgin coconut oil (vco) mousse against streptococcus mutans and candida albicans biofilms. J Int Dent Med Res. 2019; 12(3) :917-22.
Nazemi Salman B, Vahabi S, Mohebbi Rad M. Use of herbs and medicinal plants in dentistry: a review. J Dent Sch. 2017; 35(2): 58–64.
Shakeriana M, Yaghooti Khorasani MM, Doostaki S. In vitro effect of hydroalcoholic extract of aloe vera and 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash on streptococcus sanguinis, streptococcus salivarius and streptococcus mutans. J Dent Sch. 2018; 36(1): 18-22.
Zakavi F, Golpasand Hagh L, Daraeighadikolaei A, Farajzadeh Sheikh A, Daraeighadikolaei A, Leilavi Shooshtari Z. Antibacterial effect of juglans regia bark against oral pathologic bacteria. Int J Dent. 2013:2013:854765.
MurrayPE, Farber RM,NamerowKN, Kuttler S,Garcia-Godoy F.Evaluation of morinda citrifolia as an endodontic irrigant. J Endod. 2008; 34:66–70.
Karnjana K, Jewboonchu J, Niyomtham N, Tangngamsakul P, Bunluepuech K, Goodla L, et al. The potency of herbal extracts and its green synthesized nanoparticle for mulation as antibacterial agents against Streptococcus mutans associated biofilms. Biotechnol Rep (Amst). 2022 :37:e00777.
Tafazoli Moghadam E, Sargolzaie N, Rajabi O, Arab HR, Moeintaghavi A. Analgesic efficacy of aloe vera and green tea mouthwash after periodontal pocket reduction surgery: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial. J Dent Sch. 2016; 34(3): 176-85.
Pratiwi PD, Budiardjo SB, Fauziah E, Fahlevi Rizal M, Suharsini M, Sutadi H, , et al. Garlic extract effectivity against the viability of biofilms produced by streptococcus mutans serotypes c and f in pediatric patients with early childhood caries. J Int Dent Med Res. 2019; 12 (3):894-9.
Achmad H, Handayani H, Amin A, Oktawati S.. Mouthwash product development based on ethanol extract of white rice bran )oryza sativa l.) As antibacterial of streptococcus mutans and porphyromonas gingivalis. J Int Dent Med Res. 2019; 12(3): 985-90.
Nakitende S, Ntulume I, Tibyangye J. Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of cynodon dactylon extracts against escherichia coli. J Adv Med Pharm Sci. 2018; 16(2): 1-6.
Taheri A, Seyfan A, Jalalinezhad S, Nasery F. Antibacterial effect of myrtus communis hydro-alcoholic extract on pathogenic bacteria. Zahedan J Res Med Sci. 2013 June; 15(6): 19-24.
Aleksic V, Knezevic P. Antimicrobial and antioxidative activity of extracts and essential oils of myrtus communis. Microbiol Res. 2014;169(4):240-54.
Bhargava K, Kumar T, Aggarwal SH, Zinzarde1 S, Sanap A, Patil P. Comparative evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of neem, green tea, triphala and sodium hypochlorite: an in vitro study. J Dent Res Rev. 2015; 2(1): 13-6.
Rotstein A, Lifshitz A, Kashman Y. Isolation and antibacterial activity of acylphloroglucinols from myrtus communis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974;6(5):539-42.
AL-Saimary IE, Bakr SS, Jaffar T, Al-Saimary AE, Salim H, Al-Muosawi R. Effects of some plant extracts and antibiotics on pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various burn cases. Saudi Med J. 2002; 23(7): 802-5.
Almas K, Al-Bagieh NH, Akpata ES. In vitro antimicrobial effects of extracts of freshly cut and 1 month old miswak (Chewing Sticks). Biomedical Letters. 1997; 56(2): 145-9.
Hosseini Tabatabaei S, Farrokhi Ostad M. Antibacterial effect of Juglandaceae hydro alcoholic extract on Streptococcus mutans. International Journal of Clinical Dentistry. 2021; 14(3): 291-298.
Bhattacharyaa I, Ishnavaa K, Chauhana J. In Vitro Anticariogenic Activity of Some Indian Medicinal Plants Towards Human Oral Pathogen. Asian Journal of Traditional Medicines. 2016; 11(4): 88-98.
Achmad MH, Cahyani AL, Handayani H. Inhibition power test of white rice bran extract (Oryza Sativa L.) with the solution of ethanol and aquades on streptococcus mutans (In Vitro) bacteria. J Int Dent Med Res. 2019; 12(3): 991-6.
- Abstract Viewed: 26 times
- PDF Downloaded: 30 times