Evaluation of oral hygiene care of under 4 years old children by their mothers based on the Health Belief Model
Journal of Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Vol. 33 No. 1 (2015),
11 Esfand 2019
,
Page 9-18
https://doi.org/10.22037/jds.v33i1.24738
Abstract
Objective: Oral health is one of the basic components of preschool children's health. Young children completely depend on their parents, specially their mothers, to have an appropriate oral health. Health belief model shows the relationship between some structures related to personal perceptions, barriers and perceived self-efficiency, and behavior. This study aims to determine the oral health care status of children under 4 by their mother according to health belief model in Tehran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional (descriptive-analytic) study, 200 mothers with children under 4 who visited health care centers under the authority of Shahid Beheshti University of medical Sciences were randomly chosen. A questionnaire which was designed according to health belief model (HBM) was used to collect data. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: It was found that only in 10% of the cases knowledge score was favorable. Participants scored 50.85%, 75.93%, 72.23%, 92.06%, 48.2%, 86.31%, 64.07% in knowledge structures, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self efficiency and behavior respectively. Knowledge structures (p<0.01, r=0.276), perceived barriers (p<0/01, r=0/314) and perceived self efficiency (p<0.01, r=0.269) showed positive correspondence and significant relationship with the oral and dental health behaviors by their mothers. Structures of health belief model could describe 17.9% of behavior variance. Amongst these structures, perceived barriers had more important role.
Conclusion: This study estimated that the behavioral status of oral and dental health care of children under 4 by their mothers is moderate. Therefore planning an educational program using behavioral models and theories, such as health belief model is suggested, so that it can increase knowledge and self-efficiency and reduce perceptive barriers to promote children's oral health.- Children
- Health Belief Model
- Mothers
- Oral health
How to Cite
References
Mazloomi Mahmoodabad SS, Roohani Tonekaboni N. Survey of some related factors to oral health in high school female students in Yazd, on the basis of health behavior model (HBM). J Birjand Univ Med Sci 2008; 15: 40-7. [Persian]
Ferreira SH, Béria JU, Kramer PF, Feldens EG, Feldens CA. Dental Caries in 0- to 5-year-old Brazilian children: prevalence, severity, and associated factors. Int J Paediatr Dent 2007; 17: 289- 296.
Filstrup SL, Briskie D, da Fonseca M, Lawrence L, Wandera A, Inglehart MR. Early childhood caries and quality of life: child and parent perspectives. Pediatr Dent 2003; 25: 431-440.
Low W, Tan S, Schwartz S. The effect of severe caries on the quality of life in young children. Pediatr Dent 1999; 21: 325-326.
Acs G, Lodolini G, Kaminsky S, Cisneros GJ. Effect of nursing caries on body weight in a pediatric population. Pediatr Dent 1992; 14: 302-305.
Pinkham J, Casamassimo P, McTigue D, Fields H, Nowak A. Pediatric Dentistry Infancy Through Adolescence. 4th Ed. Elsevier: W.B. Sanders Co. 2005; Chaps 13, 14: 207-208, 230-232.
Khedmat S. Orodantal diseases. 1st Ed. Tehran, Saman 2001; Chap 1: :12-32.
Whaley L, Wong D. Nursing care of infant and children. 1st Ed. Washington: The C.V. Mosby Co. 2006; Chap 10: 727-728.
Vanagas G, Milasauskiene Z, Grabauskas V, Mickeviciene A. Associations between parental skills and their attitudes toward importance to develop good oral hygiene skills in their children. Medicina (Kaunas) 2009; 45: 718-723.
Solhi M, Shojaei Zadeh D, Seraj B, Faghih Zadeh S. A new model for oral health education. J Qazvin Univ Med Sci 2000; 3: 3-11. [Persian]
Guvenc G, Akyuz A, Acikel CH. Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test: psychometric testing. J Adv Nurs 2011; 67: 428-437.
Khorsandi M, Shamsi M, Jahani F. The effect of education based on Health Belief Model on osteporosis preventive behaviors among pregnant women referred to Arak health centers. Daneshvar Med 2010; 18: 1-11. [Persian]
Shamsi M, Sharifirad G, Kachoyee A, Hassanzadeh A. The effect of educational program walking based on Health Belief Model on control sugar in woman by type 2 diabetics. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology Metabolism 2010; 11: 490-499. [Persian]
Solhi M, Shojaee Zadeh D, Seraj B, Faghih Zade S. The application of Health Belief Model in oral health education. Iranian Journal of Public Health 2010; 39: 114-119. [Persian]
Hallett KB, O'Rourke PK. Early childhood caries and infant feeding practice. Community Dent Health 2002; 19: 237-242.
Pine CM, Adair PM, Nicoll AD, Burnside G, Petersen PE, Beighton D, et al. International comparisons of health inequalities in childhood dental caries. Community Dent Health 2004; 21: 121-130.
Mohebbi SZ, Virtanen JI, Murtomaa H, Vahid-Golpayegani M ,Vehkalahti M. Mothers as facilitators of oral hygiene in early childhood. Int J Paediatr Dent 2008; 18: 48-55. [Persian]
Pishva N, Asefzadeh S, Pishva MH, Majedi Z. Traditional beliefs and behaviors of mothers and teachers related to oral health of children in rural districst of Qazvin: A qualitative study. The Journal of Islamic Dental Association of IRAN (JIDA) 2009; 20: 292-300. [Persian]
Naderifar M, Akbarsharifi T, Pairovi H, Haghani H. Mothers’ awareness, regarding orodental health of their children at age of 1-6 Years old. IJN 2006; 19: 15-27. [Persian]
Wong MC, Lo EC, Schwarz E, Zhong HG. Oral health status and oral health behaviors in Chinese children. J Dent Res 2001; 80: 1459-1465.
Shamsi M, Hidarnia A, Niknami S. A Survey of oral health care behavior in pregnant women of Arak: Application of Health Belief Model. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2012; 22: 104-115. [Persian]
Safari M, Shojaezadeh D, Ghofranipuor F. Health education&promotion theories, models & methods. 1st Ed. Tehran: Asare sobhan 2009; Chap 3: 56-58. [Persian]
Hazavei MM, Sohrabi Vafa M, Moeini B, Soltanian AR, Rezaei L. Assessment of oral – dental health status: using Health Belief Model (HBM) in first grade guidance school students in Hamadan. Jundishapour J Health Sci 2012; 4: 65-75. [Persian]
Naidoo J, Wills J. Health promotion. 1st Ed. London: Bailliere Tindall 2000; Chap 4: 224-293.
Barker T. Role of health beliefs in patient compliance with preventive dental advice. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1994; 22: 327-330.
Buglar ME, White KM, Robinson NG. The role of self-efficacy in dental patient’s brushing and flossing: Testing an extended Health Belief Model. Patient Educ Couns 2010; 78: 269-272.
Mehri A, Morowatisharifabad M. Utilizing the Health Promotion Model to predict oral health behaviors in the students of Islamic Azad University of Sabzevar (2008). JDM 2009; 22: 81-87. [Persian].
Bahmanpour K , Nouri R , Nadrian H, Salehi B. Determinants of oral health behavior among high school students in Marivan County, Iran based on the Pender's Health Promotion Model. Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research 2011; 9: 93-106. [Persian]
Dehdari T, Heidarnia AR, Ramezankhani A, Sadeghian S, Ghofranipour F, Etemadi S. Planning and evaluation of an educational intervention programme to improve life quality in patients after coronary artery bypass graft-surgery according to PRECEDE-PROCEED model. Birjand Univ Med Sci 2009; 15: 27-37. [Persian].
Naderifar M, Ghaljaei F, Akbarizadeh MR. Determination of the mothers' practice about orodental health of their children up to six years old. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 2010; 12: 43-48. [Persian]
Mohebbi SZ, Virtanen JI, Vahid-Golpayegani M, Vehkalaht M M. Feeding habits as determinants of early childhood caries in a population where prolonged breastfeeding is the norm. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2008; 36: 363-369.
- Abstract Viewed: 150 times
- PDF Downloaded: 66 times