the fundamental rights of consum The Fundamental Rights of Consumers of Genetically Modified Food; Effects and Necessities
Akhlāq-i zīstī i.e., Bioethics Journal,
Vol. 15 No. 40 (1404),
14 July 2025
,
Page 1-16
https://doi.org/10.22037/bioeth.v15i40.47163
Abstract
Background and Aim: The development of biotechnology and the emergence of genetically modified products have created challenges in the areas of consumer rights, health, and the environment. The aim of this study is to examine the fundamental rights of consumers of genetically modified products in the legal framework of Iran and identify legal gaps.
Methods: This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing library-based resources to examine the subject matter.
Ethical Considerations: The ethical aspects, including preservation of the originality of texts, honesty, and integrity, have been observed in the preparation of this article.
Findings: The research findings show that the laws on genetically modified products in Iran are deficient in three areas: 1. Incomplete labeling (lack of precise definition, lack of requirement to include percentage, lack of standards, and insufficient supervision). 2. Inadequate risk assessment (lack of scientific comprehensiveness, lack of attention to long-term effects, limited access, and insufficient participation of experts). 3. Vague and inadequate liability (vague laws, lack of compensation mechanisms, and difficulty in proving causality).
Conclusion: The results of this study show that the current status of the laws on genetically modified products in Iran is far from international standards. The lack of a precise definition and inadequate labeling requirements limit the consumer's right to choose, and the weakness of risk assessment and the lack of a liability mechanism raise serious concerns. Therefore, it is recommended to formulate a comprehensive law with a precise definition, strict labeling, an independent mechanism, risk assessment, a strong regulatory structure, ensuring liability, and promoting public awareness.
- Consumer Rights
- Genetically Modified Foods
- Legal Gaps
- Food Safety
- Labeling
How to Cite
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