Requirements and Strategies of Controlling Genetically Modified Products and its Necessity: A Bioethical Approach
Akhlāq-i zīstī i.e., Bioethics Journal,
Vol. 14 No. 39 (1403),
28 June 2024
,
Page 1-14
https://doi.org/10.22037/bioeth.v14i39.43853
Abstract
Background and Aim: Concerns about the effects of Genetically Modified Products on human health and the environment have made it important to monitor the production and distribution process of these products. This research was conducted with the aim of examining the requirements and strategies for monitoring genetically modified products and its significance from the perspective of bioethical principles.
Methods: The current research is theoretical in terms of type and descriptive-analytical in terms of discussion method. The research methodology is also library-based (documentary).
Ethical Considerations: In this research, the aspects of ethical considerations in library study, including the authenticity of texts, honesty and trustworthiness, have been considered.
Results: The monitoring of the production and distribution of genetically modified products is supported by various strategies, such as the evaluation of the toxicity level, experiments in farms, tests necessary for the release of products, labeling and tracking system of transgenic products. The strategies and requirements which are closely related to the principle of non-maleficence and the principle of respect for autonomy within the framework of bioethical principles.
Conclusion: The protection of citizens' health and their environment, along with respect for individuals' rights to decision-making and choice—grounded in the core bioethical principles of non-maleficence and autonomy—has made the implementation of regulatory strategies in the production and distribution of genetically modified products a necessary measure within legal systems.
- Genetically Modified
- Regulatory Strategies
- Right to Health
- Bioethics
- Principle of Non-Maleficence
How to Cite
References
Qare Yazi B. Risk assessment of foods resulting from genetic engineering, Tehran: Biosafety Association Publications; 2017. p.137. [Persian]
Rastgoo L, Alemzade A. The position of transgenic plants in sustainable agriculture: Past, present and future. Journal of Biosafety Society of Iran. 2008; 1(1): 16-36. [Persian]
Fontes EM. Legal and regulatory concerns about transgenic plants in Brazil. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 2003; 83(2): 100-103.
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). Biotechnology Regulatory Developments in OECD Member countries. Paris. 2003. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/oecd/pages/hom.
Kinderlerer J. The Cartagena protocol on biosafety. Collection of Biosafety Reviews. 2008; 4(s 12): 16-65.
Lusser M, Parisi C, Plan D, Rodriguez-Cerez E. New plant breeding techniques. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union; 2011.
Spök A, Hofer H, Lehner P, Valenta R, Stirn S, Gaugitsch H. Risk assessment of GMO products in the European Union. Vienna: Bundesministerium für Gesundheit und Frauen; 2004.
Hoffmann-Sommergruber K. Medical issues related to genetically modified plants of relevance to Switzerland. Zurich: vdf Hochschulverlag AG; 2012.
Jabbaran MM. Convergence of bioethics principles in the field of research with Islamic approach. Quarterly Journal of Ethics. 2018; 11(41): 89-106. [Persian]
Rahnama H. Bioethics and transgenic products. Journal of Ethics in Science and Technology, 2008; 1(2): 1-14.
Rahnama H. An attitude on the aspects of bioethics in genetic engineering. Special issue of the 12th Iranian Genetics Congress; 2012. p.1-3.
Kok EJ, van Dijk JP, Prins TW, Kleter GA. Safety assessment of GMO-derived foods. Collect Biosaf Rev. 2010; 5: 82-111.
Wolfenbarger LL. Proceedings of a Workshop on Criteria for Field Testing of Plants with Engineered Regulatory, Metabolic and Signaling Pathways, June 3-4, 2002, Washington, DC. In Workshop on Criteria for Field Testing of Plants with Engineered Regulatory, Metabolic, and Signaling Pathways. Information Systems for Biotechnology; 2002.
Biotechnology MF. Human Health and Development: An Evidence-based Study. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005. p.53.
Atici C. Low levels of genetically modified crops in international food and feed trade: FAO International Survey and Economic Analysis. FAO Commodity and Trade Policy Research Working Papers; 2014. No.44.
Genetically Modified Food & Feed-Labeling, Food Safety- from the Farm to the Fork. Available at: https://www.ec.europa.eu.food.food.biotechnology.gmfood.labelling_en.htm.
Mahdizadeh M, Rabiei M, Alebooye M, Rastgar H. "GMO" food labeling and consumer rights. Scientific Research Journal of Medical Law. 2011; 5(16): 115-129. [Persian]
Adcock M. EU Legislation on Genetically Modified Organisms. EU GMO Legislation; 2006.
Carter CA, Gruère GP. Mandatory labeling of genetically modified foods: Does it really provide consumer choice?. Ag Bio Forum. 2003; 6(1&2): 68-70.
Boemer MR, Sampaio MA. The Exercise of nursing in bioethical dimension. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 1997; 5(2): 33-38.
Beauchamp TL, Childress J. Principles of Biomedical Ethics. 7th ed. USA: Oxford University Press; 2013.
Asadi Vanani SR, Mohseni Dehkalani M, Ebrahimi S, Soltani A. The Legitimacy of Hypnosis and its Consistency with Principles of Bioethics. Bioethics Journal. 2018; 8(30): 107-117. [Persian]
Larijani B. Physician and Ethical Considerations. 1st ed. Tehran: Nashr Frada; 2002. p.76. [Persian]
Francioni F. Genetic resources, biotechnology and human rights: The international legal framework. European University Institute Law Working Paper. 2006 Oct (2006/17).
- Abstract Viewed: 234 times
- PDF (فارسی) Downloaded: 22 times