مجله تاریخ پزشکی - علمی پژوهشی

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Malet A, Isaac J. History of Rome. Translated by Zirakzadeh GH-H. Tehran: Donyay Ketab; 1983. p.238-247. [Persian]

Yarshater E, Bickerman EJ, Bivar ADH, Frye RN, Sellwood D, Lang DM, et al. The Cambridge history of Iran (The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods). Translated by Anosheh H. Tehran: Amir-Kabir; 2008. Vol.3 p.187-193. [Persian]

Kelly K. World Medical History; Early civilizations: Prehistoric times to 500 C.E-1450. Translated and Researched by Adlu S, Golshani SA. Tehran: Choogan; 2013. p.130-154. [Persian]

Verstandig A. History of the Parthian Empire. Translated by Behfrozi M. Tehran: Jami; 2007. p.371-409. [Persian]

Frye RN. The history of ancient Iran‬. Translated by Rajabnia M. Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi; 2009. p.390-391. [Persian]

Schippmann K. Fundamentals of Parthian History. Translated by Sadeghi H. Tehran: Farzan Rooz; 2005. p.68-73. [Persian]

Wolski J. Parthian Empire. Translated by Saqibafar M. Tehran: Ghoghnous; 2004. p.201-207. [Persian]

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The Roman Empire in 117 AD. Available at: https://www.tarikhema.org/ancient//32382. Updated April 18, 2020. Accessed April 18, 2020.

Littman RJ, Littman ML. Galen and the Antonine Plague. The American Journal of Philology 1973; 94(3): 243-255.

Stathakopoulos CH-D. Famine and Pestilence in the Late Roman and Early Byzantine Empire (A Systematic Survey of Subsistence Crises and Epidemics). London and New York: Routlege, Taylor & Francis Group; 2004. p.94-95.

Ackeren Van M. A Companion to Marcus Aurelius. London: Blackwell Publishing Ltd; 2012. p.220.

McMichael T, McMichael AJ. Human Frontiers, Environments and Disease: Past Patterns, Uncertain Futures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2001. p.107.

Bivar ADH. Hāritī and the Chronology of the Kuṣāṇas. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 1970; 33(1): 10-21.

Plague in Rome 1869 Oil on canvas by Jules Elie Delaunay (1828-1891). Available at: https://www. musee-orsay.fr/en/collections/worksinfocus/painting. html?no_cache=1&zoom=1&tx_damzoom_pi1%5BshowUid%5D=2272. Updated April 18, 2020. Accessed April 18, 2020.

Ronan CA. The Cambridge illustrated history of the world's science‬. Translated by Afshar H. Tehran: Nashr Markaz; 2005. p.326. [Persian]

Sezgin F. History of Arabic manuscripts. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance; 2001. p.108-109. [Persian]

Galen. Line engraving by Busch, Georg Paul (-1756). Available at: https://www.iiif.wellcomecollect ion.org/image/V0002110.jpg/full/full/0/default.jpg. Updated April 18, 2020. Accessed April 18, 2020.

Galen C. Ketab Jalenos ela Gholghen fi al-Tati al-Shafa al-Amraz. Translated and Edited by Hunayn ibn Ishaq. Cairo: Al-Heyat al-Mesreyeh al-Ameh al-Ketab; 1982. p.2, 79. [Arabian]

Parghu MA, Alipoor Silab J. Plague in Safavid Iran. Social History Studies 2017; 7(1): 33-55. [Persian]

Ackeren Van M. A Companion to Marcus Aurelius. London: Blackwell Publishing Ltd; 2012. p.220.