تبیین فقهی پزشکی ماهیت صرع Epilepsy, from the understanding of jurists and traditional medicine to psychological findings
مجله علمی - پژوهشی فقه پزشکی,
دوره 14 شماره 44 (1401),
9 خرداد 2022
,
صفحه 1-18
https://doi.org/10.22037/mfj.v14i44.38848
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: صرع براساس فهم جدید، یک بیماری عصبی است، اما در گذشته غالباً آن را یک بیماری روانی دانسته و حقوق بیماران را بر این اساس تبیین میکردند. پژوهش حاضر ضمن توجه به نگاه فقیهان گذشته و تبیین دیدگاه آنان و با مراجعه به متون تخصصی علوم مغز و اعصاب و روان پزشکی و با هدف بیان ماهیت حقیقی بیماری صرع و تفاوت آن با بیماریهای روانی و جنون و نیز لزوم بازنگری در فقه اسلامی نسبت به حقوق این بیماران صورت گرفته است.
مواد و روشها: این پژوهش یک مطالعه میان رشتهای و با استفاده از روش توصیفی تحلیلی و براساس دادههای طب سنتی، فقه اسلامی و علوم مغز و اعصاب و روانپزشکی است. گردآوری این دادهها به طریق کتابخانهای بوده و تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها کیفی است.
نتیجهگیری: در این پژوهش ضمن تبیین دیدگاه طب سنتی و فقهای اسلامی و علوم جدید مغز، اعصاب و روان پزشکی، این نتیجه حاصل شد که بیشتر فقهای شیعه صرع را صرفاً «الحاله المعهوده» توصیف کردهاند، اما فهم فقهای اهل سنت و طب سنتی از صرع، این است که صرع یک بیماری روانی و یا متافیزیکی و تحت تأثیر ارواح و اجنه بوده و یا متأثر از اخلاط بدن است و برخی هم آن را شبیه اغما و غش دانستهاند. در حالی که این فهم و برداشت صحیح نیست زیرا امروزه صرع را یک اختلال عصبی ـ و نه روانی ـ میدانند. بر این اساس لازم است که فقها و دانشمندان احکام مصروعین را بر این اساس و در جهت احقاق حقوق این بیماران، باز تعریف کنند.
- صرع، دانش پزشکی، فقه اسلامی
ارجاع به مقاله
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