تزاحم حقوق مصرف کننده مواد غذایی تراریخته
مجله علمی - پژوهشی فقه پزشکی,
دوره 12 شماره 42 (1399),
23 آبان 2020
,
صفحه 1-19
https://doi.org/10.22037/mfj.v12i42.31738
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: امروزه مواد غذایی تراریخته در میان مخالفتها و مؤافقتها جای خود را در سبد غذایی یافته و سطوح زیر کشت محصولات تراریخته از سال 1996 تا 2018 صد برابر افزایش یافته است. با این همه گاهی در شرایطی موقتی ممکن است حق غذا و امنیت غذایی با حق سلامتی و حق انتخاب مصرفکنندگان تزاحم کند و باید دید چه راهحلی میتواند تجویز شود. این نوشتار با استفاده از منابع نقلی و ادله عقلی بعد از اشاره مختصر به حقوق (حقهای) مصرفکنندگان مواد غذایی تراریخته و طرح دیدگاههای مؤافقان و مخالفان تراریخته به تزاحم حقوق مصرفکنندگان و تکلیف دولت در برابر شهروندان میپردازد.
مواد و روشها: تحقیق حاضر یک تحقیق مروری است که با استفاده از کلیدواژههای غذا، امنیت غذایی، محصولات تراریخته و سلامتی، مقالات و کتابهای فارسی و انگلیسی منتشر و نمایه شده در پایگاههای مختلف استنادی به صورت جداگانه و ترکیبی، بدون محدودیت زمانی تا انتهای سال 2019 جستجو و پس از بازیابی، مورد بررسی و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
نتیجهگیری: تأمین امنیت غذایی شهروندان یکی از مهمترین تکالیف دولتهاست و دولتها تلاش میکنند تا با تأمین و در دسترس گذاشتن مواد غذایی به اندازه کافی مانع افزایش جمعیت گرسنگان و حفظ سلامت و حیات شهروندان شوند. مؤافقان تولید محصولات تراریخته را یکی از راههای رسیدن به امنیت غذایی دانستهاند تا با بهبود کیفیت مواد غذایی، سلامتی انسان نیز تأمین شود، در حالی که در نقطه مقابل مخالفان بر اثرات زیانبار تراریختهها بر سلامت انسان و محیط زیست تأکید کرده و معتقدند تا زمان ارزیابی دقیق خطرات احتمالی تراریختهها بر سلامتی انسان و محیط زیست نباید تراریختهها رهاسازی شوند. گرچه در برخی از قوانین ایران تأکید بر حفظ سلامت است ولی در عمل درباره تراریختهها اطلاعرسانی لازم صورت نگرفته است و بنابراین دولتها برای حفظ سلامت شهروندان موظفند در حوزه تراریختهها نظارت دقیق داشته باشند و در صورت تزاحم مصالح عمومی را در نظر بگیرند.
- تزاحم حق غذا مصرفکننده مواد غذایی تراریخته
ارجاع به مقاله
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