Cytotoxicity activity of peptides derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of Chlorella vulgaris proteins
Applied Food Biotechnology,
Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025),
4 January 2025
,
Page 1-9 (e1)
https://doi.org/10.22037/afb.v12i1.46685
Abstract
Background and Objective: Microalgae are rich sources of bioactive metabolites and one of the major focuses of the pharmaceutical industry is the use of secondary metabolites from plant sources. Chlorella vulgaris, a microalga with high economic values, includes a high protein content and significant bioactive compounds and polysaccharides. Therefore, this microalga can be used as a dietary supplement and medicinal product. In this study, inhibition of the growth of colon cancer cells was investigated.
Material and Methods: Proteins of Chlorella vulgaris were extracted using enzymatic hydrolysis using proteolytic enzymes of pepsin and Promod (Bacillus subtilis protease). Separation of the peptides was carried out using ultrafiltration techniques. Cytotoxic effects of the extracted peptides were assessed using MTT assay on mouse colon tumor cell lines (CT-26).
Results and Conclusion: Results indicated that the pepsin protein hydrolysates (Pep1, Pep2 and Pep3) at a concentration of 1000 mg.ml-1 decreased the viability of the CT-26 colon cancer cell line by 24.34%, 36.00% and 40.08%, respectively, while the Promod protein hydrolysates (Pro1, Pro2 and Pro3) decreased the viability by 26.26, 35.91 and 37.13%, respectively. The Pep1 and Pro1 showed the highest cytotoxicity effects (P < 0.05). Findings of this study suggest that the bioactive peptides present in C. vulgaris may include beneficial functional compounds for cancer prevention.
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