The Effect of The Number of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions and Prescribed Medications on Length of Stay and Mortality Rate of Patients in The Intensive Care Unit Drug-Drug Interactions and ICU Outcome
International Pharmacy Acta,
Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021),
2 June 2021
,
Page 4e7:1-4
https://doi.org/10.22037/ipa.v4i1.34106
Abstract
Introduction: The incidence rate of potential drug-drug interaction (PDDIs) in medical prescriptions was reported from 5.4% to 63% depending on the studied population, duration of the study, and different methods used to classify this. The importance of DDIs is in terms of their impact on clinical outcome. The main aim of this retrospective study was the evaluation of the impact of DDIs on ICU outcome i.e. ICU Length of stay (ICULS) and mortality.
Methods and Results: The prescribed medications of 262 patients older than 18 years with ICULS more than 48 hours admitted to the ICU during 8 months were evaluated for the risk of PDDIs. We detected a significantly increased ICULS (from 7.03 ± 5.49 days to 19.14 ± 17.64 days, p=0.035) and mortality rate (OR, 3.76; 95% CI 1.47-9.62; p=0.006) in patients with at least one D or X interaction compared to those without them. The frequency of these interactions was 73.6%. We also observed a significant association between the number of prescribed medications (r=0.79, p=0.001) and PDDIs (r=0.86, p=0.001) with increased ICULS.
Conclusion: According to the high prevalence of PDDI among ICU patients due to their large number of prescribed medications, long time of treatment, and complicated diseases, and its significant positive correlation with ICULS and mortality, it is recommended monitoring the medications of patients who received more than 5 drugs for interactions to increase the chance of prevention of significant PDDIs and decrease LOS, costs, and mortality.
- Drug-Drug Interactions, Length of Stay, Mortality, Prescribed Medications, Outcome
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References
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