The Impact of Current COVID-19 Therapeutics on Patients’ Clinical Improvements Based on Disease Severity; A Systematic Review. The Evaluation of Current Anti-COVID-19 Medications
International Pharmacy Acta,
Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020),
14 December 2020
,
Page 3e10:1-16
https://doi.org/10.22037/ipa.v3i1.32431
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic is not a new issue that encompasses the entire world. It is becoming increasingly urgent to find effective medications. This systematic review was conducted to discuss the clinical impact of some proposed managements against COVID-19.
Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were searched from their inception to June 15, 2020, to identify studies reporting the current treatment process and medications for COVID-19.
Results: After searching databases, a total of 5450 articles were assessed. A number of 42 relevant studies were identified as eligible for the review including a total of 5599 patients. The severity of illness was investigated in 5053 cases including 3169 mild or mild to moderate or moderate, 222 moderate to severe, and 1662 severe cases. Among the therapeutics reported in these studies, 15 medications besides convalescent plasma showed some evidence of antiviral activity. Antivirals (34%; 14/42), especially lopinavir/ritonavir, were the main classes of therapeutic agents evaluated against COVID-19. Approximately, 14.3% (6/42) of the studies which assessed the impact of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin, convalescent plasma therapy, lopinavir/ritonavir plus azithromycin, methylprednisolone, and interferon α-2b, have reported clinical improvement in all cases. A number of 10 studies (23.81%) exhibited a negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 in all cases.
Conclusions: Based on our findings, considering the diverse and scattered effects of current medications on clinical outcomes and the rate of negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2, large clinical trials are required to evaluate the best treatment options for COVID-19.
- COVID-19
- Clinical improvement
- Medications
- SARS-CoV-2
- Systematic review
How to Cite
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