Enzymatic Degradation: Effects of Degradation Time on the Physical Characteristics and Water Solubility Properties of Chitosan
International Pharmacy Acta,
Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019),
16 Azar 2019
,
Page 2e11:1-6
https://doi.org/10.22037/ipa.v2i1.29055
Abstract
Introduction: Chitosan (poly-β-(1-4)-D-glucosamine) is a linear polysaccharide polymer known as a potential bioactive material that is useful in pharmaceutical applications. This is due to its bioadhesive, antimicrobial, permeability enhancing and biodegradable properties. However, since it is poorly soluble under physiological conditions, this drawback makes chitosan difficult to formulate and utilize in biological applications.
Methods and Results: In this study, we optimized the hemicellulase enzymatic hydrolysis of medium molecular weight chitosan (MWCS) by varying the reaction time: 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours. The resulting chitosan was characterized for the change in its physical characteristics using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), contact angle analyses and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR results showed no significant changes in the functional groups present in the chitosan after enzymatic degradation. XRD diffract grams depict changes of chitosan internal crystal structure from amorphous to crystalline, which improves its stability. SEM images showed an increase in smoothness on the chitosan’s surface morphologies. The surface contact angle analysis showed reduced contact angle as the reaction time increased and this results in the improvement of wetting properties of medium molecular weight chitosan, hence improved water solubility.
Conclusions: In conclusion, as the duration of enzymatic hydrolysis increased, the water solubility properties, as well as other physical and chemical properties of low molecular weight chitosan was also improved.
- Chitosan
- Hemicellulase
- Enzymatic degradation
- Drug Delivery
- Solubility
How to Cite
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