Evaluation of Affordability and Impoverishment Effect of Cardiovascular Medicines in Iran Effect of cardiovascular medicines in Ira
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Vol. 14 No. 2 (2018),
1 April 2018
,
Page 65-74
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijps.v14.40661
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most important causes of death in the world. There are variety of plans and strategies to treatment and prevention of CVD. Medicines have significant role in reaching the goals. Ensuring affordability of medicines is very crucial to success in these programs. The impoverishment method which focuses on the impoverishing effect of the purchasing of medicines is one of the most popular methods to quantifying affordability of medicines. We applied this method to measure affordability of cardiovascular medicines in Iran. We used two poverty lines 1.25 USD and 2 USD per day which are recommended by World Bank to access the affordability of medicines. Mono therapy with one anti platelet, Beta blocker, ACE inhibitor and Statin as well as combination therapy have been determined. Our study highlighted that the poorest households in Iran would be at risk of pushing under poverty line because of price of the medicines.
Keywords:
- Affordability
- impoverishment effect
- cardiovascular disease
- prevention
- medicines
- Iran
How to Cite
Vasheghani Farahani, A. ., Rasekh, H. R. ., Najafi, S. ., Akbari, M. ., Rahimi, F. ., Salehnia, F., … Jalali, F. (2018). Evaluation of Affordability and Impoverishment Effect of Cardiovascular Medicines in Iran: Effect of cardiovascular medicines in Ira. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 14(2), 65–74. https://doi.org/10.22037/ijps.v14.40661
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[29] Singh K, Salam A, Devarajan R, Patel A, Prabhakaran D. Polypill (fixed-dose combination) in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: rationale and clinical data. Clinical Investigation (2012) 2:1213-1229.
[2] Vialle-Valentin CE, Serumaga B, Wagner AK, Ross-Degnan D. Evidence on access to medicines for chronic diseases from household surveys in five low-and middle-income countries. Health policy and planning (2014)30:1044-1052.
[3] Organization WH. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases (2010): Geneva: World Health Organization (2011).
[4] Emmerick ICM, do Nascimento JM, Pereira MA, Luiza VL, Ross-Degnan D. Farmácia Popular Program: changes in geographic accessibility of medicines during ten years of a medicine subsidy policy in Brazil. Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice (2015) 8:10.
[5] Organization WH. Promoting access to medical technologies and innovation: intersections between public health, intellectual property and trade: World Health Organization (2012).
[6] Niëns L, Brouwer W. Measuring the affordability of medicines: importance and challenges. Health Policy (2013)112:45-52.
[7] Forman L, Kohler JC. Access to Medicines as a Human Right: Implications for Pharmaceutical Industry Responsibility: University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division ( 2012).
[8] WHO H. Measuring Medicine Prices, Availability, Affordability and Price Components, Geneva: World Health Organization and Health Action International. (2008). p.
[9] Wagner AK, Graves AJ, Reiss SK, LeCates R, Zhang F, Ross-Degnan D. Access to care and medicines, burden of health care expenditures, and risk protection: results from the World Health Survey. Health policy (2011)100:151-158.
[10] Kankeu HT, Saksena P, Xu K, Evans DB. The financial burden from non-communicable diseases in low-and middle-income countries: a literature review. Health Research Policy and Systems (2013)11:31.
[11] Khatib R, McKee M, Shannon H, Chow C, Rangarajan S, Teo K, et al. Availability and affordability of cardiovascular disease medicines and their effect on use in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study data. The Lancet (2016) 387:61-69.
[12] Ali Vasheghani Farahani JS, Hamid Reza Rasekh, Sheyda Najafi, Vahideh Mosadegh Vahideh. The Availability and Affordability of Cardiovascular Medicines for secondary prevention in Tehran Province. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2017).
[13] van Mourik MS, Cameron A, Ewen M, Laing RO. Availability, price and affordability of cardiovascular medicines: a comparison across 36 countries using WHO/HAI data. BMC Cardiovascular disorders (2010) 10:25.
[14] Van Doorslaer E, O'Donnell O, Rannan-Eliya RP, Somanathan A, Adhikari SR, Garg CC, et al. Effect of payments for health care on poverty estimates in 11 countries in Asia: an analysis of household survey data. The lancet (2006) 368:1357-1364.
[15] Cameron AM. Understanding access to medicines in low-and middle-income countries through the use of price and availability indicators: Utrecht University (2013).
[16] Niëns LM, Cameron A, Van de Poel E, Ewen M, Brouwer WB, Laing R. Quantifying the impoverishing effects of purchasing medicines: a cross-country comparison of the affordability of medicines in the developing world. PLoS medicine (2010)7:e1000333.
[17] Organization WH. Measuring medicine prices, availability, affordability and price components. (2008).
[18] Statistical Center of Iran PaBOP, presidency of IR-Iran. IRAN Population and Housing Censuses. (2016).
[19] Ud Din Babar Z, Ibrahim M, Izham M, Singh H, Bukahri NI, Creese A. Evaluating Drug Prices, Availability, Affordability, and Price Components: Implications for Access to Drugs in Malaysia. Plos medicine (2007) 4.
[20] Beran D, McCabe A, Yudkin JS. Access to medicines versus access to treatment: the case of type 1 diabetes. Bulletin of the World Health Organization (2008) 86:648-649.
[21] Organization WH. Improving access and use of psychotropic medicines ( 2005).
[22] Deaton C, Froelicher ES, Wu LH, Ho C, Shishani K, Jaarsma T. The global burden of cardiovascular disease. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing (2011)10:S5-S13.
[23] Bowry AD, Lewey J, Dugani SB, Choudhry NK. The burden of cardiovascular disease in low-and middle-income countries: epidemiology and management. Canadian Journal of Cardiology (2015)31:1151-1159.
[24] Xin X-X, Guan X-D, Shi L-W. Catastrophic expenditure and impoverishment of patients affected by 7 rare diseases in China. Orphanet journal of rare diseases (2016)11:74.
[25] Niëns L, Van de Poel E, Cameron A, Ewen M, Laing R, Brouwer W. Practical measurement of affordability: an application to medicines. Bulletin of the World Health Organization (2012) 90:219-227.
[26] Pandey KR, Meltzer DO. Financial burden and impoverishment due to cardiovascular medications in low and middle income countries: an illustration from India. PloS one (2016)11:e0155293.
[27] Drabu S, Khatri S, Singh S, Lohani P, Sahu RK. Drugs and Money–Prices, Affordability and Cost Containment. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing (2013).
[28] Ferrario A, Chitan E, Seicas R, Sautenkova N, Bezverhni Z, Kluge H, et al. Progress in increasing affordability of medicines for non-communicable diseases since the introduction of mandatory health insurance in the Republic of Moldova. Health policy and planning (2016)31:793-800.
[29] Singh K, Salam A, Devarajan R, Patel A, Prabhakaran D. Polypill (fixed-dose combination) in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: rationale and clinical data. Clinical Investigation (2012) 2:1213-1229.
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