Reporting Errors: Should authors or readers identify any errors in a published article—particularly those affecting data interpretation or the integrity of the findings—they are encouraged to notify the Editorial Office immediately at ijps@sbmu.ac.ir.

Procedures for Corrections:

• Major Errors: Significant inaccuracies warranting a formal record will be addressed via a separate Erratum. This document will clearly describe the error and the subsequent changes, with bidirectional electronic linking between the Erratum and the original article. Furthermore, the online version of the article will feature a footnote referencing the Erratum.
• Minor Errors: For minor issues that do not impact the scientific validity or the reader’s interpretation of the content, no separate Erratum will be published. Instead, the article file will be replaced with a corrected version, and a footnote will be added to inform readers of the update.

Retraction Policy:

The journal reserves the right to retract an article if the findings are rendered unreliable. This applies to cases of proven misconduct (e.g., data fabrication, image manipulation), honest errors (e.g., critical miscalculations), or instances of redundant/duplicate publication. Upon confirmation of a breach of ethical standards or unreliable findings, the editorial team will initiate a retraction, and the article will be marked with a “Retracted” watermark to ensure full transparency.