Immunological Evaluation of HIV-1 P24-Nef Harboring IFN-γas as an Adjuvant in BALB/c Mice
Archives of Advances in Biosciences,
Vol. 13 No. 2 (2022),
1 January 2022
,
Page 1-8
https://doi.org/10.22037/aab.v13i.35690
Abstract
Introduction: Despite the improvements in antiretroviral treatments, there is no authorized
HIV vaccine; therefore, designing an effectual vaccine is essential. This study was aimed at the
immunological evaluation of HIV-1 p24-Nef adjuvanted with IFN-γin BALB/c mice with the
purpose of stimulating effective immune responses.
Materials and Methods: Forty-eight female mice were used for immunization by p24-Nef.
The mice were divided into six cohorts with eight mice in each group. Immunizations were
executed three times at three-week intervals and subcutaneously for 5μg per mouse. A couple
weeks after the last injection, humoral and cellular immune pathways were appraised in blood
serum and splenocytes respectively through applying ELISA.
Results: The results showed that the applied regimen could elicit robust immune responses
in comparison with the control. In addition, the level of total antibody production which was
observed in the group containing adjuvanted antigen of interest had a significant difference
with the control cohort (P<0.0001). Moreover, IgG2a was the uppermost isotype (Th1-biased
response) in the immunized group that had p24-Nef antigen with IFN-γ adjuvant. In spite of
antibody secretion, the cellular immune response was the predominant stimulated pathway.
The potency of IFN-γ as an adjuvant for induction of a quantifiably extensive Th1 pathway
was shown to be more significant given the outcomes of cytokine assay, IgGisotype, and CTL
evaluation.
Conclusion: The results of the current study indicated that the p24-Nef antigen is able to
stimulate the humoral and cellular immune responses in immunized mice, either on its own
or when formulated with adjuvant. Thus, the high immune system stimulated by p24-Nef
injection regimen went along with IFN-γ adjuvant, offering a potential option for an efficient
vaccine against HIV-1.
- BALB/c, Immunization, HIV-1, P24-Nef, Vaccine
How to Cite
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